2024 Complete Nigeria Current Affairs PDF Free Download

2023-2024 Complete Nigeria Current Affairs PDF Free Download

THE ORIGIN OF THE NAME NIGERIA

Nigeria as a country is located in West Africa between latitude 40 – 140 North of the equator and longitude 30 – 140 East of the Greenwich meridian.

Miss Flora Shaw gave the name Nigeria in 1898 and later married Fredrick Lord Lugard, who amalgamated the Northern and Southern Protectorates of Nigeria in 1914 and died in 1945.

The official language is English, and the Nation’s motto is UNITY AND FAITH, PEACE AND PROGRESS.

NEW NIGERIA NATIONAL ANTHEM

Nigeria, we hail thee, our own dear native land; though tribes and tongues may differ in brotherhood, we stand, Nigerians all, are proud to serve our sovereign Motherland.

Our flag shall be a symbol that truth and justice reign, in peace or battle honoor’d, and this we count as gain, to hand on to our children a banner without stain.

O God of all creation, Grant this our one request. Help us build a nation where no man is oppressed, and so with peace and plenty, Nigeria may be blessed.

OLD NIGERIA NATIONAL ANTHEM

Arise, O Compatriots, Nigeria’s call obey

To serve our fatherland

With love and strength and faith

The labour of our hero’s past

Shall never be in vain

To serve with heart and Might

One nation bound in freedom,

Peace and unity.

THE PLEDGE

I Pledge to Nigeria, my Country

To be faithful loyal and honest

To serve Nigeria with all my strength

To defend her unity

And uphold her honour and Glory

So help me, God.

NATIONAL PRAYERS

O God of creation, Direct our Noble cause;

Guide our leaders right;

Help our youth the truth to know

In love and Honesty, to grow

And living just and true

Great lofty heights attain

To build a nation where peace

And justice shall reign

NYSC ANTHEM

Youth obey the Clarion call

Let us lift our Nation high

Under the sun or in the rain

With dedication and selflessness

Nigeria is ours; Nigeria we serve.

NIGERIA COAT OF ARMS

REPRESENTATION OF COMPONENTS

• The Black Shield represents the good soil of Nigeria
• The Eagle represents the Strength of Nigeria
• The Two Horses stands for dignity and pride
• The Y represents River Niger and River Benue.

THE NIGERIAN FLAG

The Nigeria flag has two colours

(Green and White)

• The Green part represents Agriculture
• The White represents Unity and Peace.

FACT ABOUT NIGERIA

Land Area         –      923,768.00km2

Population        –      Over 180,000,000

Most Populous State –Kano (9,383,682)

Official Language –  English

Independence Day   –  October 1^st 1960

Currency –   Naira and Kobo

Vegetation –  Forest, Grassland, and semi-arid

Mining  -Coal, Petroleum, Tin, and Columbine

Manufacturing – Tyre, Cement, and Biscuits

Time – GMT + 1 Hour

Geographical Divisions – 36 States and FCT

Number of L.G.A – 774 Local Govt. Areas

Federal Capital – Abuja (12 Dec. 1991)

ANNUAL CELEBRATION

1^st Jan. – New Year’s Day

15^th – Nigeria Armed Forces Remembrance Day

14^th Feb. – Valentine Day

8^th Mar. – Int’l Women Day

13^th Mar. – Common Wealth Day

24^th – World Tuberculosis Day

7^th April – World Health Day

1^st May – Workers’ Day

8^th May – Children/Youth Day

27^th May – Children/Youth Day

12^th June – Democracy Day

15^th June – African Children’s Day

11^th July – World Population Day

21^st Sept. – World Literacy Day

1^st Oct. – Independence Day

25^th Dec. – Christmas Day

26^th Dec. – Boxing Day

TABLE OF CONTENT

• Colonial Masters who ruled Nigeria before Independence between 1914 – 1960
• Names of Heads of Government
• Arms of Government/Names of Nigeria occupying each position
• Service Chiefs in Nigeria
• Heads of Law Enforcement, Paramilitary & Intelligence
• Ministers and Portfolios
• Head of Government Agency and Parastatals
• Modes of Address/Officer Titles
• Important Dates Before and After Independence in Nigeria
• Arms of Government in Nigeria
• Six Geo-Political Zones of Nigeria
• History of NNPC and its Managing
• Directors from 1977 to Date
• The Genesis of the Ebola Virus
• Local Government Areas, Capital & Numbers of Local Government in Each State
• The Licensed Banks of Nigeria, MD/CEO, Merge Partners & Failed Banks
• Timeline of Historical Events in Nigeria Since 2009 to Date
• 109 House of Senate Members, their Constituencies & Political Parties
• Best Universities in the World, Africa & Nigeria
• Some Nigeria Federal, State & Private Universities and Date Founded
• Central Bank Indigenous Governors
• Indigenous Chief Justices of Nigeria from 1958 to Date
• Top 10 Wealthiest Men in the World
• Richest Countries and Poorest in the World & Africa
• Most Corrupt Countries in the World
• Some Important Abbreviations
• State, Capital, Creation, Slogan & Governors
• History of Fuel Price Increase in Nigeria
• Historical Background of OPEC
• Senate President Since 1960 to Date
• Speaker of the House Representatives From 1960 to Date
• Date & Invent of World Politics
• Date of Establishment of Nigerian Armed Forces
• Sports
• Registered & De-Register Political Parties in Nigeria
• Multiple
• The 7 Continents in the World
• Planets and Their Distance from the Sun
• Shortest and Tallest People in the World
• State Creation in Nigeria
• Nigeria Standard Dialing Codes
• Names of INEC Chairmen from 1964 to Date
• Famous Names of Famous Inventors and Inventions
• Oldest & Newest Countries in the World
• Notable World Mountains & Oceans
• History of Nigeria Currency
• Classification of Africa Countries
• Nigeria Coat of Arms & Flag
• Right of A Citizen in a State
• Registered & De-registered Political Parties in Nigeria
• Names of personalities immortalized in Nigeria Currencies
• Brief history of the Oba of Benin
• Origin of Nigeria Police, IG’s from 1930 to Date, Badges, Rank & Flag
• Nigeria Military Banks, Insignias, and Equivalents for both Commission & Non-Commission Officers
• About United Nations & ECOWAS
• Past & Present Chairmen of ECOWAS
• Members of Common Wealth Countries
• Some Great Men & Women Achievers
• Past & Present Winners of Africa Cup of Nation
• Military Coup in Nigeria Since Independence
• Some Facts About the World
• Word Relating to Science, Arts & Government
• Main International Organization that Nigeria Belongs
• Sea Port & Dams in Nigeria
• Africa Countries, Capital, President & Currency
• Banking Test & Explanatory Answers
• Past Examination Question & Answers
• Millennium Development Goal
• About NDDC
• Origin of Nigeria Immigration, Operational Structure & Rank
• About Boko Haram Sect in Nigeria
• History of Edo, Governor, Commissioners Local Government Areas and Headquarters

COLONIAL MASTERS WHO RULED NIGERIA BEFORE INDEPENDENCE BETWEEN 1914-1960

1. Sir Fredrick Lord Lugard [1914-1919]
2. Sir Hugh Clifford [1919-1925]
3. Sir Creamer Thompson [1925-1931]
4. Sir Bernard Richard [1935-1943]
5. Sir Arthur Richard [1943-1948]
6. Sir John McPherson [1948-1958]
7. Sir James Robertson [1958-1960]

THE PAST HEADS OF STATE/PRESIDENTS FROM THE 1^st REPUBLIC IN NIGERIA TO DATE NAME & PERIOD

• Nnamdi B. Azikiwe

1^st June 1963 – Jan 15^th 1966

(1^st Republic)

• Gen. Johnson Aguiyi Ironsi

Jan. 15^th 1966 – Jul. 29^th 1966

• Yakubu Gowan

July 29^th 1966 – July 29^th 1975

• Murtala Mohammed

July 29^th 1975– Feb. 13^th 1976

• Chief Olusegun Aremu Obasanjo

Feb. 13^th 1975 – Sep. 30^th 1979

• Alhaji Shehu Shagari

Oct. 1^st 1979 – Dec. 30^th 1983

(2^nd Republic)

• Muhammadu Buhari

Dec. 13^th 1983 – Aug. 27^th 1985

• Ibrahim B. Babangida

Aug. 27^th 1985 – Aug. 26^th 1993

(3^rd Republic) Abortive

• Chief Ernest Shonekan

Aug. 26^th 1993 – Nov. 17^th 1993

• Sani Abacha

Nov. 17^th 1993 – June 8^th 1998

• A. Abubakar

June 8^th 1998 – May 29^th 1999

• Chief Olusegun A. Obasanjo

May 29^th 1999 – May 29^th 2007

(4^th Republic)

• Alhaji Umaru Musa Yar’Adua

May 29^th 2007 – 2010

• Goodluck Ebele Jonathan

May 2010 – May 2015

• Muhammadu Buhari

May 2015 to date

THE 3 ARMS OF GOVERNMENT/NAME OF NIGERIANS OCCUPYING EACH POSITION

EXECUTIVE

Bola Ahmed Tinubu, GCFR

President, Fed. Rep. of Nigeria

Kashim Shettima

Vice President. Fed. Rep. of Nigeria

LEGISLATURE

Godswill Obot Akpabio

Senate President

Tajudeen Abbas

Speaker House of Rep.

Barau Jibrin

Deputy Senate President

Benjamin Kalu

Deputy Speaker House of Rep.

JUDICIARY

Ibrahim Tanko Mohammed CJN

Chief Justice of the Federation

Abubakar B. Mahmoudi (SAN)

President Nigeria Bar Association

Justice Zainab Bulkachuwa

President of Appeal Court

SERVICE CHIEFS

Gen. Abayomi G. Olonishakin

Chief of Defence Staff (Ekiti State)

1. Gen. Tukur Yusuf Buratai

Chief of Army Staff (Borno State)

Vice Admiral Iboke-Ete Ekwe Ibas

Chief of Air Staff (Bauchi State)

HEAD OF LAW ENFORCEMENT PARAMILITARY AND INTELLIGENCE

Abubakar Adamu Mohammed

Inspector General of Police

Col. Hameed Ibrahim Ali (RTD)

Comptroller General Custom Service (Gombe State)

Mr. Muhammed Babandede

Comptroller General Immigration Service (Nasarawa State)

Ahmed Ja’afaru

Comptroller General Prisons

Abdullahi Muhammadu

Commandant Gen. NSCDC

Yusud Magaji Bichi

DG SSS

Mr. Boboye Oyeyemi

Corps Marshal FRSC

APPOINTED REPRESENTATIVES IN SOME POLITICAL OFFICES

Boss Gida Mustapha

Sec. to the Government of the Federation

Dr. Folashade Yemi-Esan

Ag. Head of Civil Service of Federation

Alh. Ahmed Idris

Accountant Gen. of Federation

Anthony Nkpe

Auditor Gen. of Federation

Alh. Abba Kyari

Chief of Staff (Borno State)

Femi Adesina

Special Adviser on Media & Publicity to the President

Garba Shehu

Senior Special Assistant for Media & Publicity

NAMES OF MINISTERS, PORTFOLIOS & STATES

1. President Bola Ahmed Tinubu

HM, Petroleum (Lagos)

2. Heineken Lokpobiri

HMS, Petroleum

3. Nyesom Wike

HM, FCT

4. Mariga Mahmoud

HMS, FCT

5. Godswill Akpabio (Former)

HM, Niger Delta (Akwa Ibom)

6. Tayo Alasoadura

HMS, Niger Delta (Delta)

7. Chris Ngige

HM, Labour & Employment (Anambra)

8. Festus Keyamo

HMS. Labour & Employment (Delta)

9. Sharon Ikeazor

HM, Environment (Anambra)

10. Muhammed Muhmood

HMS, Environment (Kaduna)

11. Adamu Adamu

HM, Education (Bauchi)

12. Emeka Nwajiuba

HMS, Education (Imo)

13. George Akume

HM, Special Duties (Benue)

14. Richard Adeniyi

HM, Industry Trade & Investment (Ekiti)

15. Maryam Katagum

HMS, Industry

16. Mustapha Baba Sheburi

HM, Agriculture & Rural Development

17. Sabo Nanono

HMS, Agriculture & Rural Development (Kano)

18. Sale Mamman

HM, Power (Taraba)

19. Goody Jedy Agba

HMS, Power (Cross River)

20. Ogbonnaya Onu

HM, Science & Technology (Ebonyi)

21. Muhammed H. Abdullahi

HMS, Science & Technology (Nasarawa)

22. Osagie Ehanire

HM, Health (Edo)

23. Adeleke Mamora

HMS, Health (Lagos)

24. Clement Agba

HMS, Budget (Edo)

25. Geoffery Onyeama

HM, Foreign Affairs (Enugu)

26. Zubair Dada

HMS, Foreign Affairs (Niger State)

27. Ali Isa Pantami

HM, Communication (Gombe)

28. Suleiman Adamu

HM, Water Resources (Jigawa)

29. Zainab Ahmed

HM, Finance (Kaduna)

30. Bashir Salihi Magashi

HM, Defence (Kano)

31. Hadi Sirika

HM, Aviation (Katsina)

32. Abubakar Malami

HM, Justice/Attorney Gen. of the Federation (Kebbi)

33. Lai Mohammed

HM, Information & Culture (Kwara)

34. Rotimi Amaechi

HM, Transportation (Rivers)

35. Gbemisola Saraki

HMS, Transportation (Kwara)

36. Babatunde Fashola

HM, Works & Housing (Lagos)

37. Abubakar D. Aliyu

HMS, Works & Housing (Yobe)

38. Olamilekan Adegbite

HM, Mines & Steel Development (Ogun)

39. Ikechukwu Ogah

HMS, Mines & Steel Development (Abia)

40. Rauf Aregbesola

HM, Interior (Osun)

41. Sunday Dare

HM, Youth & Sport (Oyo)

42. Paulen Tellen

HM, Women Affairs (Plateau)

43. Maigari Dingladi

HM, Police Affairs (Sokoto)

44. Sadiya Umar Faruk

HM, Humanitarian Affairs & Disaster Management (Zamfara)

HEAD OF GOVERNMENT AGENCY/PARASATALS

1. Mahmood Yakubu

INEC National Chairman

2. Melo Kolo Kyari

G.M.D NNPC

3. Godwin Emefiele

C.B.N Governor

4. Gen. Shuaibu Ibrahim

DG NYSC

5. Moji Christianah Adeyeye

DG NAFDAC

6. Biodun Ogunyemi

ASSU President

7. Bolaji Owasanye

ICPC Chairman

8. Abubakar B. Mahmoudi

NBA President

9. Oscar Onyema

DG NSE

10. Ibrahim Magu

EFCC Chairman

11. Ayuba Waba

Nigeria Labour Congress Presient

12. Quadri Olaleye

President TUC

13. Abdul Zabair

DG SEC

14. Muhammad Abdallah

NDLEA Chairman

15. Michael A. Olukoya

President NUT

16. Bayo Onanuga
17. News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)
18. Pius Odubu

NDDC Chairman

18. Bernard O. Okumagba

NDDC MD

19. William B. Fowler

Chairman FIRS

20. Garba Abari
21. National Orientation Agency (NOA)
22. Abdulwaheed Odusile

NUJ President

22. Dakuku Peterside

DG NIMASA

23. Ishaq Modibo Kawu

DG Nigeria Broadcasting Commission (NUC)

24. Mansur Liman

DG Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria (FRCN)

25. Yakubu Mohammed

DG Nigerian Television Authority (NTA)

26. Osita Okechukwu

DG Voice of Nigeria (VON)

27. Paul Angya

Standard Organisation of Nigeria (SON)

MODES OF ADDRESS/OFFICER TITLES

President/Governor – His Excellency

Common Wealth High Commissioner/Foreign Ambassador – Your Excellency

Minister/Commissioners – Honourable

Judges – Your Lordship

Magistrates – Your Worship

Queens – Your Majesty

Emperors – Your Imperial Majesty

Crown Princes – Your Royal Highness

Kings – His Royal Highness (HRH)

Activist/Unionist – Comrades

Legislators/Chairman of Local Government – Your Honourable

IMPORTANT DATES BEFORE INDEPENDENCE IN NIGERIA

• Nigeria was given the Name Niger Area by Miss Flora Shaw in 1898
• The first railway line in Nigeria was constructed from Lagos to Ibadan in 1901
• The first main truck road was constructed from Lagos to Ibadan in 1905
• Nigeria’s Capital was moved from Calabar to Lagos in 1906
• Nigeria was Amalgamated by Sir Lord Lugard in 1914
• The West African National Congress was formed in 1920
• The first legislative council was formed in 1922
• Herbert Macaulay founded the Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP) in 1923
• Aba Women riot was in 1929
• The National Council of Nigeria and Cameroun (NCNC) was formed by Herbert Macaulay, who became its president, while Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe served as the secretary in 1944
• Herbert Macaulay died and Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe became the president of NCPC in 1946
• Richard’s constitution was introduced in 1946
• The University College Ibadan was opened in 1948
• Chief Anthony Enahoro moved the motion for Nigeria’s Independence in the House of Assembly on 1^st April 1953
• Queen Elisabeth visited Nigeria in 1956
• Regional self-government was granted to the then Eastern and Western Region of Nigeria in 1957
• Nation’s Cup championship started in 1957
• The Apex Bank of Nigeria (The Central Bank) was established and opened for operation 1^st July 1958
• The Nigerian Television Authority (N.T.A) was established by the late Chief Obafemi Awolowo at Ibadan in 1959
• Nigeria held her first national election to set up an independent government. Northern Nigeria won most of the seats of parliament in 1959

IMPORTANT DATES AFTER INDEPENDENCE IN NIGERIA

• 1^ST 1960, Nigeria got her independence, and Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe became the first Governor General while Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa became the first prime minister
• The southern Camerouns were incorporated into the Federation of Camerouns and ceased to be administered as part of the Federation of Nigeria on 1^st, 1961
• The Northern Camerous was formally incorporated into the federation of Nigeria on 1^st June 1962
• Nigeria became a Republic on 1^st October 1963, and Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe became the first ceremonial president
• The first military coup took place in Nigeria on 15^th January 1966
• The Nigerian Civil War started on 6^th July 1967 and ended on 12^th January 1970. And was led by Colonel Odumegwu Ojukwu
• Nigeria changed to right-hand drive on 2^nd April 1972
• National Stadium in Lagos was officially opened in 1972
• Nigeria’s Currency was changed to Naira and Kobo on 1^st January 1973
• National Youth Service Corps (N.Y.S.C) was introduced under decree 24 on 22^nd May 1973
• The Economic Community of West African State (E.C.O.W.A.S) was set up in Lagos 28^th May 1975
• Gen. Olusegun Obasanjo opened the National Theatre, Iganmu, in Lagos in 1976
• Murtala Mohammed was assassinated on 13^th February 1976
• Festival of Arts and Culture (FESTAC was held in Lagos on 15^th February 1977)
• Nigeria changed from military to civilian rule on the 1^st of 1979, and Alhaji Shehu Shagari became the first Executive President
• President Shehu Shagari commissioned Kaduna Refinery on 25^th, 1980
• President Shehu Shagari commissioned Delta Steel Company Ovwian-Aladja in 1980
• Chief Odumegwu Ojukwu returned to Nigeria after 12 years in exile in1982
• The war against indiscipline (WAI) was introduced by Buhari/Idiagbon regime on 20^th March 1984
• Naira and kobo changed colour on 25^th April 1984
• The phased movement from Lagos to Abuja by Federal Ministries began on 10^th 1986
• Structural Adjustment programme (SAP) was introduced on 27^th June 1986
• Nigeria soldiers were airlifted from Lagos to join the Ecowas monitoring group (ECOMOG) in the Liberian civil war on 17^th August 1990
• The Federal Capital of Nigeria was moved from Lagos to Abuja on the 12^th of 1991
• Olusegun Obasanjo was sworn in as civilian president of Nigeria on 29^th May 1999
• INEC Chairman, Justice Ephraim Akpata, died on 9^th January 2000
• The President of America Bill Clinton, visited Nigeria on 26^th – 28^th August 2000
• Bomb explosion at Ikeja military cantonment in Lagos 27^th January 2002.
• President Olusegun Obasanjo commissioned the National Stadium in Abuja on 8th April 2003; It was also built at the cost of N6 billion.
• Queen Elisabeth of England visited Nigeria in 2003 after her first visit in 1956
• The first lady of Nigeria, Chief Mrs Stella Obasanjo, died in Spain as a result of a surgical operation on 22nd 2005.
• Belleview plane crash at Lisa village in Ogun state occurred on 22nd 2005, killing all 117 passengers on board.
• Another aircraft crashed in Kaduna killing all passengers on board on 25^th 2005
• Sosoliso Airline crashed in Port Harcourt killing 114 passengers with only three survivors on 10^th 2005
• NEPA change to Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN) on 31^st May 2005
• A Nigeria Air Force Dornier 228 plane with some Army Generals and other personnel crashed, killing 14 of 17 passengers on board on 17^th 2006
• A solar eclipse occurred in Nigeria on 29^th March 2006
• ADC plane crashed about two KM away from Nnamdi Azikiwe Airport, killing 98 out of 105 on board, including the Sultan of Sokoto on29th Oct. 2006
• Governorship and House of Assembly elections were conducted nationwide on 14^th April 2007
• Presidential and National Assembly elections were conducted on 21^st April 2007
• President and Governors-elect were sworn in on 29^th May 2007
• The House of Representatives speaker, Mrs. Patricia Etteh, and her deputy, Alh. Babangida Nguroje resigned over the N628 million contract scam they were indicted for by the Idoko panel set up by the house on Oct. 30^th, 2007
• Mrs. Oladimeji Sabiru Bankole (37 years old – Bachelor) from Abeokuta South Federal Constituency of Ogun State was elected by the honorable members of the House of Representatives on November 1^st, 2007
• 6^th February 2008, following the nullification of the election of Governor Idris Ibrahim, Chief Clarence Olafemi, speaker of the House of Assembly of Kogi state, was sworn in as the acting Governor
• James Barka was sworn in as the acting Governor of Adamawa state on February 27^th, 2008
• Goodluck Jonathan was declared president-elect on April 19^th, 2011
• 29^th May 2015, Mohammadu Buhari became the first opposition candidate to win a presidential election in Nigeria

ARMS OF GOVERNMENT

1. Executive
2. Legislature
3. Judiciary

TIERS OF GOVERNMENT

1. Federal Government
2. State Government
3. Local Government

THE FUNCTIONS OF THE THREE ARMS OF GOVERNMENT

THE EXECUTIVE

• Implementation of policies of government
• Executes and enforces laws

THE LEGISLATIVE

• To make laws
• Passing appropriation bills
• Oversight functions on executive
• Approve budget
• The legislative arm is divided into two
• The Upper House-House of Senate
• The Lower House-House of Representatives

THE JUDICIARY FUNCTIONS

• Interpret the laws
• Adjudicate on cases
• Apply the laws

HEAD OR CHIEF EXECUTIVES

• President (GCFR)
• Senate President
• Chief Justice of the Federation & Chief Judge at the State level

TITLE OF THE HEAD

• President (GCFR)
• Executive Governor
• Chairman

THE SIX GEO-POLITICAL ZONES OF NIGERIA

STATE            CAPITAL

1. North-East

Adamawa         Yola

Bauchi              Bauchi

Borno               Maiduguri

Taraba              Jalingo

Gombe             Gombe

Yobe                 Damaturu

2. North-West

Jigawa              Dutse

Kano                Kano

Kaduna             Kaduna

Katsina             Katsina

Kebbi                Kebbi

Sokoto              Sokoto

Zamfara            Gusau

3. North Central

Benue              Makurdi

Kogi                  Lokoja

Kwara               Ilorin

Niger                Minna

Nasarawa         Lafia

Plateau             Jos

4. South-East

Abia                 Umuahia

Anambra          Akwa

Enugu               Enugu

Ebonyi              Abakaliki

Imo                  Owerri

5. South-West

Ekiti                  Ado-Ekiti

Lagos                Ikeja

Ogun                Abeokuta

Ondo                Akure

Osun                Osogbo

Oyo                  Ibadan

6. South-South

Akwa-Ibom       Uyo

Bayelsa             Yenagoa

Cross-River       Calabar

Delta                Asaba

Edo                  Benin

Rivers               Port Harcourt

HISTORY OF NNPC AND ITS MANAGING DIRECTORS FROM 1977 TO DATE

The Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation, NNPC, was established on April 1^st, 1977, under the statutory instrument – decree No. 33 of the same year by a member of Nigeria National Oil Corporation, NNOC, with its operational functions and the federal Ministry of Mines and power with its regulatory responsibilities. This decree established the NNPC, a public organization that would, on behalf of the government, manage all government interests in the Nigerian oil industry.

Managing Directors from 1977 to Date

1. A Marinho July 1977 – April 1980
2. Odiligi Lolomari April 1980 – August 1981
3. Lawrence Amu 1981 – Nov. 1985
4. Aret Adams 1985 – April 1990
5. Thomas John April 1990 – June 1990
6. Edmund Daukora June 1992 – Oct. 1993
7. Chamberlain Oyibo 1993 – August 1995
8. Dalhatu Bayero 1995 – May 1999
9. Jackson Gaius Obaseki May 1999 – Nov 2003
10. Funsho Kupolokun 2003 – Sept. 2007
11. Abubakar Yar’Adua 2007 – Jan. 2009
12. Muhammed Sanusi Bakindo 2009 – 2010
13. Shenu Ladan April 2010 – May 2010
14. Austine Oaiwon May 2012 – June 2012
15. Andrew Yakubu June 2012 – July 2014
16. Joseph Thiama Dawha Aug. 2014 – 2015
17. Emmanuel Ibe Kachkwu Aug. 2015 – 2016
18. Maikanti Kacalla Baru Aug. 2016 – 2022
19. Melo Kolo Kyari Aug. 2018 to date

THE GENESIS OF EBOLA VIRUS

Ebola Virus Disease (EVD), formerly known as Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever (EHF) is a severe, often-fatal disease in humans and non-human primates. The virus is named after the Ebola River in Yambuku, Democratic Republic of Congo (Formerly Zaire), where one of the First outbreaks occurred in 1976. In the same year, there was another outbreak in Nzara, Sudan.

HOW EBOLA VIRUS SPREAD

• It spreads to people by contact with an infected animal’s skin or bodily fluids like a MONKEY, GORILLA, FOREST ANTELOPE, PORCUPINE, CHIMPANZEE, OR FRUIT BAT.
• People can also be exposed to the Ebola virus through contact with objects, such as needles that have been contaminated with infected secretions.

SYMPTOMS OF EBOLA VIRUS

Early symptoms include HIGH FEVER, HEADACHE, JOINT AND MUSCLE ACHES, SORE THROAT, WEAKNESS, STOMACH PAIN, and LACK OF APPETITE.

These symptoms can appear 2 to 21 days after infection. The symptoms can progress to vomiting, diarrhea, impaired kidney and liver function, and sometimes internal and external bleeding (Eyes, Ears and Nose).

HOW EBOLA VIRUS CAN BE DIAGNOSED

Diagnosing Ebola HF in an individual who has been infected only a few days is difficult because early symptoms, such as red eyes and a skin rash, are nonspecific to the virus and are seen in other patients with a disease that occurs much more frequently. However, if a person has the constellation of symptoms described above, and infection with Ebola virus is suspected, isolate the patient and notify local and state health departments and the CDC.

PREVENTION OF THE EBOLA VIRUS

• Avoid direct contact with the body fluid of infected people
• You are expected to wash your hands regularly, and you must wash both the front and back up to your elbow with soap.
• Use a hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol as often as possible when water is not available because the Virus can’t stand alcohol.
• Avoid eating bush meat, particularly monkeys, gorillas, forest antelopes, porcupines, chimpanzees, and fruit bats.
• Whatever animal products you consume, wash them rigorously and cook thoroughly.
• Avoid sharing clothes, towels, bed sheets, handkerchiefs, etc.
• Avoid unnecessary public gatherings and handshakes.

NOTE:

Mr. Pattrick Sawyer a 40-year-old Liberian-American civil servant who knowingly imported Ebola into Nigeria died July 25, 2014 in First Consultant Medical Centre, Obalende, Lagos.

LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS, CAPITAL & NUMBERS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN EACH STATE

Abia (17 LG):

Aba North, Aba South, Arochukwu, Bende, Umuahia Ikwano, Isiala-Ngwa North, Isiala-Ngwa South, isuikwato, Obioma Ngwa, mafia, osteoma ngwa, ugwanabo, ukwu east, Akwa west, umuahia north, umuahia south, umu-gnocchi.

Adamawa (21 LG):

Demsa, fufore, ganye, girei, gombi, guyuk,hong, jada, lamurde, madageli, maiha, mayo-belwa, mubi, mubi south, numan, shelleng,song, toungo, yola, jimeta, michika.

Akwa Ibom (31 LG):

Abak, eastern obolo, eket, atai, essien udim, etm ekpo, etinam, ikono, ibesikpo asutan, mbo, mkpat enin, nsit, nsit ibom, nsit ubium, obot akara, okobo, onna,oron,oruk annam, udung uko, ukanafun, uruuan, urue-offong/orkko, uyo, ikot-abasi, ikot-ekpeme, ini,itu, ibeno,ika.

Anambra (21 LG):

Aguata, Anambra East, Anambra West, Antioch, aka North, Awka South, ayamelum, dunukofia, ekwusigo, Idemili North, Idemili South, while Njiakoka, Nnewi North, Nnewi South, Subaru, Onitsha north, Onitsha south, rumba north, you rumba south.

Bauchi (20LG):

Alkaleri, Bauchi, bogoro,damban, darazo, dass, gamawa, ganjuwa, giade, itas/gadau, Jama’are katagumu, kirfi, misau, ningi, shira, tafawa-balewa, toro, warji, zaki.

Bayelsa (8 LG):

Brass ekeremor, kolokuma/opokuma nemba, ogbia, sagbarna, southern ijaw, yenagoa.

Benue (23 LG):

Ado, agatu, apa,buruku, gboko, gumma, gwer east, gwer west, kastinal-ala, konshinsha, kwande, logo, makurdi, obi,ogbadibo, oju,okpokwu, ohimini, oturkpo, tarka, ukurn, ushonogo, vandeikya.

Borno (27 LG):

Abade, askira/uba, bama, bayo, biiu chibok, damboa, dikwa, gubio, guzaimala, gwoza, hawul, jeer, kaga, kala/balge, konduga, kukawa, kwaya kusar, mafa, magumeri, Maiduguri, marte, mobbar, monguno,ngala, nganzai, shani.

Cross river (18 LG):

Abi, akamkpa, akpabuyo, bakassi, bekwara, biase, boki calabar-municipal, calabar south, etung, ikom obaniliku, obubra, obudu, odukpani, ogoja, yakurr, yala.

Delta (25 LG):

Aniocha north, aniocha south, burutu,bomadi, ehiope east, ethiope west, ika north, ika south, isoko north, isoko south, ndokwa east, ndokwa west, okpe, oshimilli north, shiomili south, patani,sapele, udu, ughelli north, ughelli south, ukwani, uvwie, warri north, warri south, warri south west.

Ebonyi (12 LG):

Abakaliki, afikpo north, afikposouth, ebonyi, ezza north, ezza south, ikwo, ishielu, ivo, izzi, ohaozara, ohaukwu, onicha.

Edo (18 LG):

Akoko-edo, esan central, esan north east, esan south easr, esan west, etsako central, igueben, ikpoba-okha, oredo, orhionmwon, ovia north east, ovia south west, owan west, uhumwonde, owan east, etsako east, etsako west. 

Ekiti (16 LG):

Ado ekiti, aiyekire, efon, ekiti east, ekiti south, west ekiti, west emure, idos-ose, ijero, ikere, ikole, ilemeji, irepodun/ifelodun, ise/orun, moba,oye.

Enugu (17 LG):

Aninri, awgu, enugu east, enugu north, enugu south, ezeagu, igbo-etiti, igbo-eze north, igbo-eze south, isi-uzo, nkanu west, nsukka, oji-river, udenu, udi, uzo-uwani.

Gombe (11 LG):

Akko, balanga, billiri, dukku, funakaye, gombe kaltungo, kwami, nafada, shomgom, yamaitu/deba.

Imo (27 LG):

Aboh-mbaise, ahiazu-mbaise, ehime-mbano, ezinihitte, ideato north, ideato south, ihitte/uboma, ikeduru, isiala mbano, isu, mbaito, ngor-okpala, njaba, nwangele, nkwerre, obowo,oguta,ohaja/egbema, okigwe, orlu, orsu, orsu east, oru west, owerri-municpal, owerri, owerri north, owerri west, unuimo.

Jigawa (27 LG):

Auyo, Babura, birmin kudu, biriniwa, buji, dutse, gagarawa, garki, gumei, guri,gwaram, gwiwa, hadeija, jahun, kafin-hausa, kaugoma, kazaure, kirikasamma, kiyawa, mia gatari, malla-maduri, ringim, roni, sule tankarkar, taura, bosuwa,yankwashi.

Kaduna (23 LG):

Bimin-gwari, chikun, giwa, igbabi, ikara, jaba jema’a kachia, kaduna north, kaduna south, kagarko, kajuru, kauru, lera, makarfi, sabon-gari, sanga, soba, zangon-kataf, kudan, zaria, kura.

Kano (44 LG):

Ajingi, albasu,babeji, bichi, bunkure dala, dambatta, dawakin kudu, dawakin tafa, doguwa, fagge, gabasawa, garko, garum, mallam, gaya, gezawa, kiru, kumbotsu, kunchi, kura, madobi, makoda, minjibir, nasarawa, rano, rimun gado, rogo, shanoro, sumaila, takali, tarauni, tofa, tsanyawa, tudun wada, ungogo, warawa,wudil, bagwai, gwale, gwarzo, kobo, kano, municipal, karaye, kibiye.

Katsina (32 LG):

Bakori, batagarawa, batsari, baure, bindawa, charanchi, dandume, danja, dan musa, daura dutsi, dutsin-ma, fasakari, funtua,inagawa, jibia, kafur, kaita, kankara, kankia, kurfi, kusasa, mai’adua, malumfashi, mani, mashi, matazuu, masawa, rimi, sabuwa, safana, sandamu, zango, katsina.

Kebbi (21 LG):

Aleiro, arewa-dandi, argungu, augie, bagudo, birnin kebbi, bunza dandi, fakai, gwandu, jeda, kalgo, koko/besse, maiyama, ngaski, sakabi, shanga, suru, wasagu/danko, yauri, zuru.

Kogi (21 LG):

Adavi, ajaokuta, ankpa, bassa, dekina, ibaji, idah, igalamela-odolu, ijumu, kabba/bunu, kogi, lokoja, mopa-muro, ofu, ogori/magongo, okehi, okene, olamabolo, omala, yagba east, yagba wast.

Kwara (16 LG):

Asa, baruten, edu, ekiti, ifelodun, ilorin east, ilorin south, Ilorin west, irepodun, isin, kaiama, moro offa, oke-ero, oyun, pategi.

Lagos (20 LG):

Agege, ajeromi_ifelodun, alimosho, amuwo odofin, apapa, badagry, epe, eti-osa, ibeju/lekki, ifako-ijaye, ikeja, ikorodu, kosofe, lagos island, lagos mainland, mushin, ojo, oshodi-isolo, shomolu, surulere.

Nasarawa (13 LG):

Akwanga, awe, doma karu, Keanu, keffi, kokona, lafia, nasarawa, nasarawa eggon, obi, toto, wamba.

Niger (25 LG):

Agie, agwara, bida, borgu, bosso, chanchaga, edati, gbako, gurara, katcha, knontagora, leuen, magama, mariaga, mashegu, mokwa, muya, paikoro, rafi, rijau, suleja,tafa, wushishi, shiroro, lapai.

Ogun (20 LG):

Abeokuta north, Abeokuta south, ado-odo/ota egbado north, egbado south, ewekoro, ifo, ijebu east, ijebu north, ijebu north east, ijebu ode, ikenne, imedo-afon, ipokia, obafemi-owode, ogun waterside odeda.

Ondo (18 LG):

Akoko north east, akoko north west, akoko south east, akoko south west, akure north, akure south, odigbo, okitipupa, ondo east, ondo west, ose, owo, ile-olujiokeigbo, irele, idamre, ifedore, ilaje, ese odo.

Oyo (33 LG):

Afiijio, akinyele, atiba, atigbo, egbeda, Ibadan central, Ibadan north, Ibadan north west, Ibadan south west, ibarapa central, ibarapa east, ibarapa north, iddo, irepo, iseyin,itesiwaju, iwajowa, kajpola, lagelu, ogbomoso north, ogbomoso south, ogo oluwa, olorunsogo, oluyole, ona-ara, orelope, ori ire,oyo east,oyo west, saki east, saki west, surulere.

Plateau (19 LG):

Barikin ladi, bassa, bokkos, jos east, jos north, jos, jos south, kanam, kanke, langtang north, langtang south, mangu, mikang, pankshin, qua’an pan, riyom, shendam, wase.

Rivers (23 LG):

Abua/odual, ahaoda east, ahaoda west, andoni, akuku-toru, bonny Degema, emohua, eleme, etche, gokana, ikwerre, khana, obial akpo, ogba/egbema/ndomi, ogu/bolo, okrika, omumma opobo/nkoro, oyinbo, port harcourt, tai, asari toru.

Sokoto (23 LG):

Ninji, bodinga, dange-shuni, gada, goronyo, gudu, sokoto gwadabawa, ilela, isa, kware kebbe, rabah, sabon, bimi, Shagari, silame, sokoto north, sokoto south, tambuwai, tangaza, tureta, warmako, wurno, yabo.

Taraba (15 LG):

Ardo-kola, bali, donga, gashakka, cassol, ibi, jalingo, karim-lamido, kurmi, lau, dardauma, takum, ussa, wakari,yorru, zing.

Yobe (17 LG):

Bade, bursari, damaturu, fika,fune, geidam, gujaba, gulani, jakusko, karasuwa, machine, nangere, nguru, potiskum, tarmua, yunusari, yusufari.

Zamfara (14 LG):

Anka, bakura, birmin magaji kiyaw, bukkuyum, bungudu, gusau, gummin, kaura, narnoda, maradun, maru, shinkafi, talata mafara, tsafe, zurmi.

Osun (27 LG):

Atakumosa east, atakumosa west, aiyeda-ade, aiyedire, boluwaduro, boripe, ede north, ede south, egbedore, ejigbo, ife central, irepodun, irewole, isekan iwo, obokun, odo-otin, ola oluwa, olorunda, irade, orodu, osogbo, ife east, ife north, ife south, ifedayo, ila Ilesha east, Ilesha west.

FCT-Abuja (6 LG):

Kwali area council, Abuja municipal, abaji, kuje, gwagwalada, bwari.

THE 22 LICENSED BANKS OF NIGERIA, MD/CEO AND MERGE PARTNERS

1. FIRST BANK PLC

(Dr. Adesola Adeduntan) MD/CEO

(Mrs. Ibukun Awosika) Chairman

First Bank Plc, FBN Merchant Bank.

2. UNITED BANK FOR AFRICA PLC

(Mr. Philips Oduoza)

Standard Trust Bank Plc, United Bank for Africa, Continental Trust Bank.

3. UNION BANK

Mr. Cyril Odu (Chairman)

(Mr. Emeka Emuwa)

Union Bank Plc, Universal Trust Bank Plc, Union Merchant Bank, Board Bank Nig. Ltd.

4. POLARIS BANK PLC

Alh. M. K. Ahmed (Chairman)

Mr, Adetokunbo Abiru (Managing Director)

Prudent Bank Plc, EIB, International Bank, Bond Bank, Reliance Bank Ltd, Co-operative Bank, Mainstreet Bank Ltd.

5. WEMA BANK PLC

Adeyinka Asekun (Chairman)

Mr. Segun Olokutuyi (MD/CEO)

Wema Bank Plc, National Bank Plc.

Lead Bank Plc.

6. STERLING BANK/ETB

(Mr. Yemi Adeola)

NBM Bank Ltd, Magnum Trust Bank, Trust Bank of Africa, Nal Bank Plc, Indo Nigeria Bank.

7. FIDELITY BANK PLC

(Nnamdi Okonkwo)

Fidelity Bank Plc, Manny Bank Plc,

FSB Int’l Plc

8. STANDARD CHARTERED BANK LTD

(Bola Adesola)

Standard Chartered Bank Limited

9. KEYSTONE BANK

Mr. Obeahon Ohiwerei (MD/CEO)

Platinum Bank Nigeria Ltd, Habib Bank Int’l

10. UNITY BANK PLC

Mrs. Tomi Somefun

NNB Int’l Bank Plc, Centre Point Bank Plc, Societe Bank, Tropical Commercial Inter State Bank, New Africa Bank, Pacific Bank, and Intercity Bank Plc

11. CITI BANK

Mr. Akinsowon Dowodu (MD/CEO)

Citi Bank

12. HERITAGE BANK LTD

Mr. Ifie Sekibo

Enterprise Bank

13. ZENITH BANK PLC

Ebenezer Onyeagwu (MD/CEO)

Zenith Bank Plc

14. FIRST CITY MONUMENT BANK PLC

Adam Nuru (MD/CEO)

FCMB, Co-operative Development Bank Plc, Nigeria-America Bank, Finbank

15. GT BANK PLC

Segun Agbaje

Guaranty Trust Bank Plc

16. ACCESS BANK PLC

Herbert Wigwe

Access Bank Plc, Marina Bank, Capital Bank Nigeria Limited.

17. STANBIC IBTC BANK

Dr. Demola Sogunle (MD/CEO)

18. ECOBANK NIG. PLC

Mr. Charles Kie

19. SUNTRUST BANK

Ayo Babatunde (MD/CEO)

20. PROVIDE BANK

Walter Akpani (MD/CEO)

21. GAIZ BANK

Mr. Hassan Usman (MD/CEO)

THE FOLLOWING BANKS ARE NOW AS FOLLOWS:

1. Oceanic now Ecobank Nig. Plc
2. Intercontinental Bank now Access Bank
3. ETB is now Sterling Bank
4. Bank PHB is now Keystone Bank
5. Afri Bank is now Mainstreet Bank
6. Spring Bank is now Enterprise Bank
7. Fin Bank now FCMB Plc
8. Mainstreet Bank is now Skye Bank
9. Enterprise Bank is now Heritage Bank
10. Skye Bank is now Polaris Bank
11. Diamond Bank now Access Bank

THE FAILED BANKS ARE:

1. African Express
2. Assurance Bank
3. City Express Bank
4. Eagle Bank
5. Fortune Bank
6. Gulf Bank
7. Liberty Bank
8. Metropolitan Bank
9. Triumph Bank
10. Society Generale Bank
11. All State Trust Bank
12. Trade Bank
13. Hallmark Bank
14. Lead Bank

More Nigeria Current Affairs

TIMELINE OF HISTORICAL EVENTS IN NIGERIA SINCE 2009

• August 2009, Umaru Musa Yar’Adua granted amnesty to the Niger Delta Militants which lasted for 60 days.
• In February 6^th, 2010, Goodluck Jonathan became the acting president of Nigeria.
• May 5^th, 2010, President Alhaji Umaru Musa Yar’Adua died at 58 years in Aso Villa and was buried in Katsina State 6^th of May 2010.
• May 6, 2010, acting Goodluck Jonathan was sworn in and was declared president of the Federal Republic of Nigeria at about 8:30am by Chief Justice Aloysius Katsina Alu.
• 1st May 2011, Osama Bin Laden was killed in a firefight with U.S. forces in Pakistan. Al-Qaeda Leader Osama Bin Laden, before his death, was born in 1957 in Saudi Arabia and became the world’s most terrific terrorist on 11th 2001 when he pioneered the invasion of the world trade center of the United States of America.
• On the 17^th April 2012, Former Governor James Ibori was sentenced to thirteen (13 years) imprisonment by British Southwark Court for defrauding Delta State Government of $250million (₦5Billion) while holding swag as governor between 1999-2007
• At about 3:45pm on Sunday the 3^rd of June 2012, A Dana Air Passenger Plane carrying 153 people crashed into residential building at Olaniyi Street Iju, a suburb of Lagos, killing 153 on board and more than 30 other residents on the ground.
• On the 16^th of July, 2012 Justice Aloma, Mariam Mukhtar became the first female Chief Justice of Nigeria.
• 21^st March 2013, Prof. Chinua Achebe died in Boston, Massachusetts, United State at 82. Before his death, he was a Nigerian novelist, Poet, Professor, and Critic. He was best known for his first Novel: Things Fall Apart in 1958, the most widely read book in Modern African Literature.
• On 7^th June 2014, Dora Akunyili died of Cancer in an India Hospital at age 59. Before her death she was the Director of National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) of Nigeria and Nigeria Minister of information and Communication from 2008-2010. She was a Pharmacist and Government Administrator who gain hundreds of awards for her work in pharmacology, Public Health and Human Rights.
• On 20^th October, 2014 World Health Organization officially declared Nigeria free of Ebola Virus after six weeks with no new cases.
• On 12^th November 2014, President Goodluck Jonathan unveiled the New Hundred Naira ((₦100) Centenary Note at the Presidential Villa, Abuja.
• On 1^st April 2015, Gen, Muhammadu Buhari became the first opposition candidate to win a presidential election in Nigeria.
• On the 8^th of June 2016, former Nigeria Coach Stephen Keshi sadly passed away of cardiac arrest in the early hours of Wednesday at the ae of 54.
• On August 19^th 2017, President Muhammadu Buhari arrives Nigeria at about 4:45pm after 104days on medical vacation in the United Kingdom.
• On 26^th February 2019, President Muhammadu Buhari became the Second Military Head of State to win a two-term Presidential Election in Nigeria.

109 HOUSE OF 9^TH SENATE MEMBERS, THEIR CONSTITUENCIES, AND POLITICAL PARTIES

STATE             SENATORS                    PARTY

ABIA STATE

North              Orji Uzor Kalu               APC

South              Eyinnaya Abaribe          PDP

Central            Theodora Orji               PDP

ADAMAWA STATE

North              Ishiaku Elisha Cliff         PDP

South              Yaroe Binos Daua          PDP

Central            Aishatu Dahiru Ahmed  APC

AKWA-IBOM STATE

North              Bassey Albert Akpan      PDP

South              Eyakenyi Akon Etim       PDP

West   Christopher Stephen Ekpenyong            PDP

ANAMBRA STATE

North              Stella Oduah                 PDP

South              Ifeanyi Ubah                 YPP

Central            Uche Lilian Ekwunife     PDP

BAUCHI STATE

North              Bulkachuwa Adamu       APC

South              Lawan Gumau               APC

Central            Jike Dauda Halliru         APC

BAYELSA STATE

East                Degi Eremenyo Wangagra APC

West               Ewhrudjako Lawrence   PDP

Central            Diri Douye                    PDP

BENUE STATE

East                Gabriel Suswam                        PDP

West               Patrick Abba Moro        PDP

West               Emmanuel Yisa Orker-Jev PDP

BORNO STATE

North              Kyari Abubakar Shaib    APC

South              Ali Ndume                    APC

Central            Kashim Shettima           APC

CROSS-RIVER STATE

North              Oko Rose Okoji             PDP

South              Gershom Bassey           PDP

Central            Onor Sandy Ojang         PDP

DELTA STATE

North              Peter Nwaboshi            PDP

South              James Ebiowou Manager PDP

Central            Obaisi Ovie Omo-Agege PDP

EBONYI STATE

North              Egwu Samuel Ominiyi    PDP

South              Michael Ama Nnachi     PDP

Central            Ogba Joseph Obinna     PDP

EDO STATE

North              Francis Alimikhena        APC

South              Matthew Urhoghide      PDP

Central            Clifford Ordia                PDP

EKITI STATE

North              Adetunmbi Ayodeji       APC

South              Adeyeye Adebayo         APC

Central            Bamidele Opeyemi        APC

ENUGU STATE

North              Utazi Chukwuka            PDP

West               Ike Ekweremadu           PDP

East                Nnamani Chimaroke      PDP

GOMBE STATE

North              Alkali Ahmed                APC

South              Amos Bulus Kilawangs   APC

Central            Danjuma Goje               APC

IMO STATE

North              Benjamin Uwajumogu   APC

East                Onyewuchi E. Francis    PDP

West               Rochas Okorocha          APC

JIGAWA STATE

North-East      Hassan Ibrahim Hadeija APC

South/West     Sabo Mohammed         APC

North/West     Sankara Daniel              APC

KADUNA STATE

North              Kwari Suleiman Abdu    APC

South              Danjuma La’ah Tella      APC

Central            Sani Uba                       PDP

KANO STATE

North              Barau Jibrin                  APC

South              Kabiru Gaya                  APC

Central            Ibrahim Shekarau          APC

KEBBI STATE

North              Abdullahi Abubakar       APC

South              Bala Na’allah                 APC

Central            Adamu Aliero                APC

KOGI STATE

West               Smart Adeyemi             APC

East                Jibrin Isah                     APC

Central            Yakubu Oseni                APC

KWARA STATE

North              Umar Suleiman Sadiq    APC

South              Ashiru Oyelola Yisa        APC

Central            Oloriegbe Yahay Ibrahim APC

LAGOS STATE

West               Adeola Olamilekan        APC

East                Osinowo Sikiru Adebayo APC

Central            Oluremi Tinubu             APC

NASARAWA STATE

North              Abdullahi Adamu          APC

South              Tanko Al-Makura          APC

East                Akwashiki Godiya          APC

NIGER STATE

North              Aliyu Sabi Abdullahi       APC

South              Bima Muhammad Enagi APC

East                Mohammed Sani Musa APC

OGUN STATE

Central            Ibikunle Amosun           APC

East                Mustapha Olalekun       APC

West               Odebiyi T. Akinremi       APC

ONDO STATE

Central            Akinyelure Patrick Ayo  PDP

North              Ajayi Boroface              APC

South              Nicholas Tofowomo      PDP

OSUN STATE

Central            Surajudeen A. Bairu      APC

East                Fadahunsi Francis Adenigba PDP

West               Oriolowo Adelere Adeyemi APC

OYO STATE

Central            Folarin Teslim Kolawole APC

South              Kola Ademola Balogun  PDP

North              Buhari Abdulfatai          APC

PLATEAU STATE

Central            Dimka Hezekiah Ayuba  APC

South              Ignatus Datong Longjan APC

North              Gyang Istifanus Dung    PDP

RIVERS STATE

South/East      Mpigi Barinada             PDP

East                Thompson Sekibo         PDP

West               Apaifi Jocelyn                PDP

SOKOTO STATE

North              Aliyu Wamakko             APC

South              Shehu Abubakar Tambuwa APC

East                Ibrahim Gobir               APC

TARABA STATE

Central            Yusuf Abubakar Yusuf    APC

South              Emmanuel Bwacha        PDP

North              Isa Shuaibu Lau             APC

YOBE STATE

North              Ahmed Lawan               APC

East                Gaideam Ibrahim          APC

South              Bomai Ibrahim              APC

ZAMFARA STATE

Central            Mohammed Hassan      PDP

North              Ya’u Sahabi                   PDP

West               Lawali Hassan Anka       PDP

F.C.T

Tanimu Philios Aduda                          PDP

10 BEST UNIVERSITIES IN THE WORLD

2019, Webometric Ranking

1. Harvard University (USA)
2. Stanford University
3. Massachusetts Institute Technology (MIT), USA
4. University of California Berkeley
5. University of Michigan
6. University of Washington
7. University of Oxford
8. Cornell University
9. Columbia University, New York
10. University of Cambridge

10 BEST UNIVERSITIES IN AFRICA

2019, Wabometric Ranking

1. University of Cape town – South Africa
2. University of Pretoria – South Africa
3. University of South Africa – South Africa
4. University of Witwatersrand
5. University of Kwazulu-Natal – South Africa
6. University of Stellenbosch – South Africa
7. University of Johannesburg
8. North West University
9. University of Nairobi
10. The American University in Cairo

BEST UNIVERSITIES IN NIGERIA

2019, Wabometric Ranking

1. University of Ibadan (UI)

12^th in Africa

2. Covenant University, Ota
3. University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN)

23^rd in Africa

4. Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU)

27^th in Africa

5. Federal University of Technology, Minna

45^th in Africa

6. University of Lagos (UNILAG)

25^th in Africa

7. Ahmadu Bello University (ABU)

34^th in Africa

8. Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta (FUNAAB)

73^rd in Africa

9. University of Ilorin (UNILORIN)

52^nd in Africa

10. Federal University of Technology Akure (FUTA)

SOME NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES AND DATES FOUNDED

FEDERAL

1. UI – University of Ibadan – 1948
2. UNN – University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu – 1960
3. ABU – Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna – 1962
4. University of Lagos, UNILAG, Akoko – 1962
5. OAU – Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun – 1962
6. UNIBEN – University of Benin – 1970
7. UNICAL – University of Calabar, Cross River – 1975
8. UNIMAID – University of Maiduguri, Borno – 1975
9. UNIPORT – University of Port Harcourt – 1975
10. Bayero University, Kano – 1975
11. UNILORIN – University of Ilorin, Kwara – 1975
12. UNIJOS – University of Jos – 1976
13. Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi – 1988
14. FUTO – Federal University of Technology Owerri – 1980
15. UNIZIK – Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka – 1983

STATE UNIVERSITIES & DATE

1. ESUT – Enugu State University of Science & Technology – 1980
2. IMSU – Imo State University, Owerri – 1981
3. AAU – Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Benin – 1981
4. Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago-Iwoye, Ogun – 1982
5. ABSU – Abia State University, Uturu – 1983
6. Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Oyo State – 1988
7. DELSU – Delta State University, Abraka – 1992
8. Benue State University – 1995
9. Kano State University, Bagauda – 1998
10. LASU – Lagos State University – 1983
11. EBSU – Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki – 2001
12. NDU – Niger Delta University, Amassoma, Bayelsa – 2001
13. Kogi State University Anyigbe – 1999
14. Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University – 2005
15. Gombe State University, Gombe – 2005

PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES & DATE

1. IUO – Igbinedion University Okada, Benin – 1999
2. Madonna University, Okija, Anambra – 1999
3. Babcock University, Ilesha, Remo, Ogun – 2002
4. Bowen University, Iwo, Osun – 2002
5. BIU – Benson Idahosa University, Benin – 2002
6. Pan Africa University, Lekki, Lagos – 2002
7. Covenant University, Otta, Ogun – 2002
8. Redeemers University – 2005
9. Joseph Ayo Babalola University – 2006

CENTRAL BANK INDIGENOUS GOVERNORS

1. Clement Isong

1^st Indigenous Governor

South South

2. Chief Ola Vincent

2^nd Indigenous Governor

South West

3. Abdulkadir

3^rd Indigenous Governor

North West

4. Paul A. Ogwuma

4^th Indigenous Governor

South East

5. Chief Joseph Sanusi

5^th Indigenous Governor

South West

6. Charles Chukwuma

6^th Indigenous Governor

South East

7. Sanusi Lamido Sanusi

7^th Indigenous Governor

8. Godwin Emefiele

8^th Indigenous Governor Designate

PAST INDIGENOUS CHIEF JUSTICES OF NIGERIA FROM 1958 TO DATE

1. Justice Sir. Ademola Adetokunbo, KBE, CON – 1958-1972
2. Justice Teslim Olawale Elias, CFR, GCON – 1972-1975
3. Justice Darnley Arthur Alexander, CBE, KCMG, CFR – 1975-1979
4. Justice Atanda Fata Williams, CON – 1979-1983
5. Justice George Sodeinde Sowemimo CON, GCON – 1983-1985
6. Justice Ayo Gabriel Irikefe, OFR, CON, GCON – 1985-1987
7. Justice Mohammed Bello, CON, GCON – 1987-1995
8. Justice Mohammed Lawal Uwais, CON, GCON 1987-1995
9. Justice Salihu Moddibo Alfa Belgore, CON, GCON – 1995-2006
10. Justice Idris Legbo Kutigi – 2006-2009
11. Justice Aloysius Katsina – Alu – 2009-2011
12. Dahiru Musdapher – 2011-2012
13. Aloma Mariam Mukhtar – 2012-2014
14. Mahmud Mohammed – 2014-2016
15. Walter Samuel Onnoghen – 2016-2018
16. Ibrahim Tanko Mohammed – Incumbent

TOP 10 WEALTHIEST MEN IN THE WORLD

1. Bill Gates (US) worth $76.6bn.
2. Amancio Ortega (Spain) worth $73.5bn.
3. Warren Buffet (American) worth $65.9bn.
4. Jeff Bezos (American) worth $65bn.
5. Carlos Slim Helu (Mexican) worth $52.2bn.
6. Mark Zuckerberg (American), CEO of Facebook, is worth $51.2bn.
7. Larry Ellison (American) worth $51.2bn.
8. Michael Bloomberg (American) worth $46.7bn.
9. Charles Koch (American) worth $36bn.
10. David Koch (American) worth $44.2bn.

NOTE: Alh. Dangote now richest in Africa worth $25bn. Also the 23^rd richest in the world. While Mike Adenuga worth $4.6bn Nigeria number 2 and World number 325.

RICHEST COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD

Countries                     GDP Per Capital

1. Qater                      $129,726 (£105,791)
2. Luxembourg            $101,936 (£83,128)
3. Macao                     $96,147 (£78,407)
4. Singapore                $87,082 (£71,015)
5. Brunei                     $79,710 (£65,003)
6. Kuwait                     $71,263 (£58,114)

RICHEST COUNTRIES IN AFRICA

Countries                     GDP Per Capital

1. Equatorial Guinea       $34,865 Billion
2. Seychelles                $28,712 Billion
3. Mauritius                  $21,628 Billion
4. Gabon                      $19,266 Billion
5. Botswana                 $18,146 Billion

POOREST COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD

Countries’ GDP Per Capital

1. Central African Republic $656 (£535)
2. Democratic Republic of Congo $784 (£639)
3. Burundi $818 (£667)
4. Liberia $882 (£719)
5. Niger $1,113 (£907)

MOST CORRUPT COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD

1. Somalia
2. North Korea
3. Afghanistan
4. Sudan
5. Iraq

LEAST CORRUPT COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD

1. Denmark
2. New Zealand
3. Finland
4. Sweden
5. Norway
6. Switzerland
7. Singapore
8. Netherlands
9. Luxembourg
10. Canada

SOME IMPORTANT ABBREVIATIONS

NEWS – North East West South

CD – Compact Disc

AM – Ante Meridiem (Before Noon)

PM – Post Meridiem (Afternoon)

ISBN – International Standard Book Number

ISSN – International Standard Serial Number

FM – Frequency Modulation

UHF – Ultra High Frequency

VHF – Very High Frequency

VAT – Value Added Tax

AGM – Annual General Meeting

SMS – Short Message Service

MMS – Multi Media Service

NACA – Nigeria Action Committee of Aids

AIDS – Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

NAFDAC – National Agency for Food and Drugs Administration Control

SIM – Subscriber Identification Module

ATM – Automated Teller Machine

MTN – Mobile Telephone Networks

M.TEL – Mobile Telecommunication

BBC – British Broadcasting Corporation

AU – African Union

BPE – Bureau of Public Enterprise

CID – Criminal Investigation Department

ECOWAS – Economic Community of West African State

EFCC – Economic Financial Crimes Commission

FESTAC – Festival of Arts and Culture

FIFA – Federation of International Football Association

GSM – Global System for Mobile Communication

HIV – Human Immune Deficiency Virus

ICPC – Independent Corrupt Practices and other Related Offences

NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization

INEC – Independent National Electoral Commission

NOA – National Orientation Agency

ICAN – Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria

NUJ – Nigerian Union of Journalists

UNICEF – United Nations International Children Education Fund

NUC – National Universities Commission

ASCON – Administration Staff College of Nigeria

NDLEA – National Drug Law Enforcement Agency

NDA – Nigerian Defense Academy

NLC – Nigerian Labour Congress

NDDC – Niger Delta Development Commission

NUPENG – National Union of Petroleum and Natural Gas Workers

NANS – National Association of Nigerian Students

NSE – Nigerian Stock Exchange

UNESCO – United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation

OPEC – Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries

OAU – Organisation Africa Unity

VON – Voice of Nigeria

WHO – World Health Organisation

NURTW – National Union of Road Transport Workers

UNIDO – United Nations Industrial Development Organisation

NNPC – Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation

NIPOST – Nigerian Postal Service

UN – United Nations

VOA – Voice of America

NEPAD – New Partnership for African Development

NEEDS – National Economic and Empowerment Development Strategy

NIEPA – Nigeria Institute for Educational Planning and Administration

CIIN – Chartered Institute of Insurance of Nigerian

NPC – National Pension Commission

UAP – University Assistance Program

SPDC – Shell Petroleum Development Company

NANTA – National Association of Nigeria Travel Agencies

NCAA – Nigeria Civil Aviation Authority

NIPSS – National Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies

PMAN – Performing Musicians Association of Nigeria

NMA – Nigeria Medical Association

RSVP – Respondezs’il Vous Plait

NIM – Nigeria Institute of Management

WAI-C – War Against Indiscipline and Corruption

UNICEF – United Nations International Children’s Educational Fund

NIGERIA STATES, CAPITAL, CREATION, SLOGAN, AND GOVERNORS

STATE	CAPITAL	GOVERNOR
Abia	Umuahia	Alex Otti
Adamawa	Yola	Ahmadu Umaru Fintiri
Akwa-Ibom	Uyo	Umo Eno
Anambra	Awka	Charles Soludo
Bauchi	Bauchi	Bala Abdulkadir Mohammed
Bayelsa	Yenegoa	Douye Diri
Benue	Makurdi	Hyacinth Alia
Borno	Maiduguri	Babagana Zulum
Cross River	Calabar	Bassey Otu
Delta	Asaba	Sheriff Oborevwori
Ebonyi	Abakaliki	Francis Nwifuru
Edo	Benin	Godwin Obaseki
Ekiti	Ado-Ekiti	Biodun Oyebanji
Enugu	Enugu	Peter Mbah
Gombe	Gombe	Muhammad Inuwa Yahaya
Imo	Owerri	Hope Uzodinma
Jigawa	Dutse	Umar Namadi
Kaduna	Kaduna	Uba Sani
Kano	Kano	Abba Kabir Yusuf
Katsina	Katsina	Dikko Umaru Radda
Kebbi	Birni-Kebbi	Nasir Idris
Kogi	Lokoja	Yahaya Adoza Bello
Kwara	Ilorin	AbdulRahman AbdulRazaq
Lagos	Ikeja	Babajide Sanwo-Olu
Nasarawa	Lafia	Abdullahi Sule
Niger	Minna	Mohammed Umar Bago
Ogun	Abeokuta	Dapo Abiodun
Ondo	Akure	Rotimi Akeredolu
Osun	Oshogbo	Ademola Adeleke
Oyo	Ibadan	Seyi Makinde
Plateau	Jos	Caleb Mutfwang
Rivers	Portharcourt	Siminalayi Fubara
Sokoto	Sokoto	Ahmad Aliyu
Taraba	Jalingo	Agbu Kefas
Yobe	Damaturu	Mai Mala Buni
Zamfara	Gusau	Dauda Lawal
FCT	Abuja

STATES IN NIGERIA WITH THE SAME NAMES AS CAPITAL

Kaduna             Kaduna

Sokoto              Sokoto

Gombe             Gombe

Katsina             Katsina

Kano                Kano

Enugu               Enugu

Bauchi              Bauchi

NUMBERS OF ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES IN VARIOUS POLITICAL OFFICES IN NIGERIA

The President                           Mr. President

The Governors                          36 Governors

National Assembly                    109 Senators

The Fed. House of Reps           360 Honourables

Local Government                     774 Chairmen

Councilors                                 8540 Councillors

HISTORY OF FUEL PRICE INCREASE IN NIGERIA

GOWON, 1973: 6K to 8.45k (40.8%)

Murtala, 1976: 8.45K to 9k (0.59%)

Obasanjo, October 1^st, 1978: 9k to 15.3k (70%)

Shagari, April 20^th, 1982: 15.3k to 20k (30.71%)

Babangida, March 31^st, 1986: 20k to 39.5k (97.5%)

Babangida, April 10^th, 1988: 39.5k to 42k (6.33%)

Babangida, January 1^st, 1989: 42k to 60k private vehicles

Babangida, December 19^th, 1989: moved to uniform price of 60k (42.86%)

Babangida, March 6^th, 1991: 60k to 70k (16.67%)

Shonekan, November 8^th, 1993: 70k to ₦5 (6.14%)

Abacha, November 22^nd, 1993: petrol price drops from ₦5 to ₦3.25k (-35%)

Abacha, October 2^nd, 1994: ₦3.25k to ₦15 (61.54%)

Abacha, October 4^th, 1994: price drops from ₦15 to ₦11 (-26.67%)

Abubakar, December, 20^th, 1998: ₦11 to ₦25 (127.27%)

Abubakar, January 6^th, 1999: ₦25 to ₦20 (-20%)

Obasanjo, June 1^st, 2000: ₦20 to ₦30 (50%)

Obasanjo, June 8^th, 2000: petrol price reduced to ₦22 (-10%)

Obasanjo, January 1^st, 2002: ₦22 to ₦26 (18.18%)

Obasanjo, June to October, 2003: ₦26 to ₦42 (23.08%)

Obasanjo, May 29^th, 2004: ₦50 (19.05%)

Obasanjo, August 25^th, 2004: ₦65 (30%)

Obasanjo, May 27^th, 2007: ₦75 (15.38%)

Yar’Adua, June 2007: ₦65 (-15.38%)

Jonathan, January 1st, 2012: ₦141

Jonathan, January 17^th, 2012: ₦97

Jonathan, 2015: ₦97 to ₦87

Buhari, 2015: ₦87 to ₦86.50k

Buhari, 2016: ₦86.50k to ₦145

NOTE: Yar’Adua was the only leader who did not increase rather he reduced petrol price from ₦75 to ₦65 while Buhari reduced and later increased the price again.

 

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF ORGANISATION OF PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES (OPEC)

The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) was founded in Baghdad, Iraq with the signing of an agreement in September 10 – 14, 1960 by five countries namely Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela.

These countries were later joined by Qatar (1961), Indonesia (1962), Libya (1962), the United Arab Emirates (1967), Algeria (1969), Nigeria (1971), Ecuador (1973), Gabon (1975) and Angola (2007). From December 1992 until October 2007 Ecuador suspended its membership in 1995. Indonesia suspended its membership January 2009.

Currently, the organization has a total of 12 member countries.

OPEC had its headquarters in Geneva Switzerland, in the First 5 years of its existence. This was moved to Vienna, Austia on September 1^st, 1965.

Its mandate is to coordinate and unify petroleum policies among member countries in order to secure fair and stable prices for petroleum products, efficient, consuming nations, and a fair return on capital to those investing in the industry.

Official Language of OPEC: English

President: Dr. Mohammed Bin Saleh (Qatar)

Secretary Gen. – Dr. Mohammed Sanusi Barkindo (Nigeria)

MAIN INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION THAT NIGERIA BELONGS

• Economic Community of West Africa States (ECOWAS)
• United Nations Organization (UNO)
• Common Wealth of Nations (CON)
• African Union (AU)
• Group 77 (G77)
• Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
• New Partnership for African Development

SENATE PRESIDENT SINCE 1960

1. Nnamdi Azikiwe 1960
2. Nwafor Orizu 1960 – 1966
3. joseph Wayas 1979 – 1983
4. Iyorchia Ayu 1992 – 1993
5. Anech Ebute 1993 – 1993
6. Chief Evan Enwerem 1999 – 1999
7. Chuba Okadigbo 1999 – 2000
8. Chief Pius Anyim 2003 – 2005
9. Chief Adolphus Wabara 2003 – 2005
10. Chief Ken Nnamani 2005 – 2007
11. Chief David Mark 2007 – 2015
12. Bukola Saraki 2015 – 2022
13. Ahmed Lawan – incumbent

SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES SINCE 1960

1. Ibrahim Waziri Gombe
2. Benjamin A. Chacha
3. Chief Edwin Ume-Ezeoke
4. Agunwa Anaekwe
5. Buhari Salisu
6. Umar Ghali Na-Abba
7. Aminu Bello Masari
8. Patricia Olubunmi Etteh
9. Saburi Dimeji Bankole
10. Aminu Waziri Tambuwal
11. Yakubu Dogara
12. Femi Gbajabiamila – incumbent

DATES AND EVENTS OF WORLD POLITICS

1. In 1776, America became the first independent country.
2. In 1798, the Republic of Switzerland was formed.
3. In 1961, South African withdrew from Common Wealth.
4. In 1903, Federick Lugard occupied Sokoto State of Nigeria.
5. In 1902, Empire day was celebrated in Britain.
6. In 1832, Greece became independent Republic.
7. In 1928, England lowered the women voters from 30 to 21 years.
8. In 1978, Fedric D. George was the first Africa-American shuttle commander.
9. In 1959, Empire day was renamed as Common Wealth Day in England.
10. In 1893, Thomas F. Bayard became the first US ambassador to Great Britain.
11. In 1967, First BIAFRAN Government was formed by Odumegu Ojukwu declared independence from Nigeria.
12. In 1912, Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa was born. He became a Prime Minister in 1957, 1960 and 1964. He was killed on January 15^th 1966 in Nigeria first Military coup.
13. In 1914, Lord Lugard amalgated Northern and Southern Nigeria.
14. In 1905, the White won right to vote in South Africa.
15. In 1914, the first South African government was approved.
16. The First Country to get independence in Africa is Liberia in 1847.

ESTABLISHMENT OF THE NIGERIAN ARMED FORCES

Nigeria Army                –                       1863

Nigeria Police                –                       1930

Nigeria Navy                –                       1956

Nigeria Air force            –                       1964

SPORT

FIFA PRESIDENTS FROM MAY 21^ST, 1904 TO DATE

• Robert Guerin: France 1904-1908
• Daniel Burley Woolfall: 1906-1913
• Jules Rimet: France 1921-1954
• Rodolphe William Seeldrayers: Belgium 1954-1955
• Arthur Drewry: England 1955-1961
• Sir Stanley Rous: 1961-1974
• Joao Havelange: Brazil 1974-1998
• Joseph S. Blatter: Switzerland 1998-2016
• Gianni Infantino: Switzerland 2016 to date
• World cup started in 1930 in Uruguay.
• Lucent Lawrent of France scored the first World Cup goal in his team’s 4-1 win over Mexico in 1930.
• Football was first played in Nigeria in Calabar in 1930.
• The National Stadium in Surulere Lagos was officially opened on 4^th December 1972.
• FIFA World footballer of the year Luka Modric, Croatian, Club – Real Madrid.
• The Africa Best footballer of the year – Mohammed Salah (Egypt).
• The largest Stadium in the world is the Maracana Stadium in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil which can accommodate over 245,000 people.
• The President of the Confederation of African Football (CAF) is Ahmed Ahmed from Madagascar.
• Rasheed Yekini was the first to score a Nigeria World Cup goal in the USA in 1994.
• The first Nigeria female to win the Olympic gold medal is Chioma Ajunwa, in the Atlanta 1996 Olympics.
• France defeated Croatia 4-2 goals emerging the winner of the 2018 World Cup hosted by Russia.

MULTIPLE

1. Two Babies Born together are twins
2. Three Babies Born together are triplet
3. Four Babies Born together are quadruplets
4. Five Babies Born Together are quintuplets
5. Six Babies Born Together are sextuplets
6. Seven Babies Born together are septuplets
7. Siamese twins are two babies born together but not properly separated.

THE 7 CONTINENTS

1. Africa
2. North America
3. South America
4. Asia
5. Atlantica
6. Europe
7. Australia

THE PLANETS AND THEIR DISTANCE FROM THE SUN

1. Satum (1,426M KM)
2. Pluto (5,908)
3. Earth (150M KM)
4. Mars (229M KM)
5. Uranus (2,867M KM) 6 Mercury (58M KM)
6. Mercury (58M KM)
7. Jupiter (770M KM)
8. Neptune (4,459M KM)
9. Venus (108M KM)

SHORTEST/TALLEST PEOPLE IN THE WORLD

1. The shortest man in the world is Chandra Bahadur Dangi (Nepalese Mountain between India & China), 21.5 inches tall.
2. The shortest woman in the world is Jyoti Amge (India), measuring 2ft 0.7 inches tall.
3. The tallest man in the world is Sultan Kosen (Turkey), measuring 8ft 3 inches tall.
4. The tallest woman in the world is Siddiqa Parveen (India), meeting 7ft 8 inches.

STATE CREATION IN NIGERIA

• General Yakubu Gowon created 12 states in Nigeria on 27^th May 1967.
• General Murtala Mohammed increased the number of states from 12 to 19 on the 3^rd of February 1976.
• On the 23^rd of September, 1987 Gen. Ibrahim B. Babangida created 2 additional states, Katsina and Akwa-Ibom to make the states 21.
• General Ibrahim B. Babangida recreated 9 states, making 30 states on 27^th August 1991.
• On 1^st 1996, Gen. Sani Abacha announced 6 states making 36 and the FCT Abuja.

NIGERIA STANDARD DAILLING CODES

EXCHANGE                               CODE

Abia                                         082

Abakaliki                                   043

Abeokuta                                  039

Abuja                                       09

Ado-Ekiti                                   030

Agbor                                       055

Akure                                       034

Azure                                       071

Badagry                                    01

Bauchi                                      077

Benin City                                 052

Calabar                                     087

Daura                                       065

Enugu                                       042

Ibadan                                      022

Ijebu-Ode                                 037

Ikorodu                                    01

Ilesha                                       036

Ilorin                            031

Kaduna                         062

Kano                            064

Katsina                         065

Lagos                            01

Lokoja                          058

Maiduguri                     076

Okitipupa                     066

Ondo                            059

Onitsha                        043

Owerri                          083

Owo                             046

Port Harcourt                084

Sapele                          054

Shagamu                      037

Sokoto                          060

Warri                            053

Yola                              075

OLDEST COUNTRIES

San Marino (301 AD)

France (486 AD)

Bulgaria (632 AD)

Denmark (950 AD)

Portugal (1143 AD)

NAMES OF INEC CHAIRMAN IN NIGERIA SINCE 1964 TO DATE

1. Sir Kofo Abayomi 1^st Republic    1984-1966
2. E. E. Esua 1^st Republic
3. Chief Michael Ani 2^nd Republic 1979-1993
4. Ovie Whiskey 2^nd Republic
5. Eme Awa 3^rd Republic 1988-1993
6. Humphrey Nwosu 3^rd Republic
7. Dagogo Jack 4^th Republic  1995-1999
8. Ephraim Akpata 4^th Republic  1998-1999
9. Abel Guobadia 4^th Republic  1999-2006
10. Maurice Iwu 4^th Republic  2006-2010
11. Attahiru Jega 4^th Republic  2010-2015
12. Amina Zakari 4^th Republic  2015-2015
13. Mahmood Yakubu 4^th Republic Incumbent

FAMOUS INVENTORS AND THEIR INVENTIONS

INVENTOR                    INVENTION   YEAR

Prof. David Edward       Microphone      1878

John L. Baid                  Television         1926

Graham Bell                  Telephone        1861

Galilei Galileo               Thermometer   1593

Thomas Edison              Phonograph      1845

Karl Benze                    Car                   1780

Edward Bullet               Motorcycle       1884

Elia Thompson              Weeding Machine 1877

William Stanley             Transformer     1864

Blaise Pascal                 Adding Machine 1642

Sir Charles                    Ship                  1775

Krick Macmillan            Bicycle              1888

Mitterhofer                  typewriter        1456

George Eastern             Photograph        1849

Film (Kodak Camera)

Rick Kellogg                  Loud Speaker    1973

Orville & Wilbur Wright Airplane           1903

1. Stephen/Richard Locomotive engine 1804

Sir Frank Whittle           Jet Machine      1937

Richard Gatting             Machine Gun    1861

Thomas J. Martins         Fire Extinguisher 1872

Johann Guterberg         Printing            1609

Willis Carrier                 Air Condition    1902

NEWEST COUNTRIES

South Sudan (9^th July, 2011)

Montenegro (July, 2006)

Serbia (July, 2006)

East Timor (2002)

Palau (1994)

Czech Republic (1993)

Eritrea (1993)

Bosnia/Herzegovina (1992)

NOTABLE WORLD MOUNTAINS

Mt. Everrest (2903ft) Nepal/China

Qoqir (k2) (2825ft) Pakistan

Kangchenjungai (28168 ft) Nepal

Hotse (27720ft) Nepal

Makalu I (27720ft) Nepal

Cho Oyu (26906ft) Nepal Dhaulagiri

OCEANS OF THE WORLD (BY SIZE)

Pacific (155,557,000 sq km)

Atlantic (76,762,00 sq km)

Indian (68,556,000 sq km)

Arctic (14,056,000 sq km)

Southern (20,327,000 sq km)

NOTE: The Southern Ocean was approved in 2002 by the international Hydrographic Organisation.

HISTORY OF NIGERIAN CURRENCY

The Ten Naira was introduced on the 1^st of Jan. 1973, replacing the pound at a rate of 2 Naira = 1 Pound.

In Jan. 1^st 1973, the CBN introduced notes for 50 kobo, 1, 5, 10 and 20 Naira and Coins of ½ 1, 5, 10 and 25 Kobo.

On 11^th Feb., 1977 a new banknote denomination of the value of 20 Naira was issued. The 20 Naira is the first currency note to bear the portrait of a Nigerian citizen that is Late Head of State, Gen. Murtala Ramat Mohammed.

On 2^nd Julyy 1979, new currency notes of three denominations, namely 1, 5 and 10 Naira were introduced in 1991, both the 50kobo and 1 Naira notes became coined.

Dec. 1^st 1999     –           ₦100

Nov. 1^st 2000    –           ₦200

April 2^nd 2001   –           ₦500

Oct. 12^th 2005   –           ₦1000 were introduced respectively.

On Feb. 28^th 2007, ₦50, ₦20, ₦10, ₦5 were reissued with a new design, while a new denomination of …. Were introduced.

CLASSIFICATION OF AFRICA

1. NORTH AFRICA: Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Morocco, Egypt.
2. SOUTHERN AFRICA: South Africa, Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland, Mozambique, Botswana, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Zambia.
3. EAST AFRICA: Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Sudan, Ethiopia
4. WEST AFRICA: Nigeria, Republic fo Benin, Ghana, Togo, Niger, Ivory Coast, Cape Verde, Liberia, Burkinafaso, Mali, Sierra-Loene, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Gambia, Senegal, Mauritania.
5. CENTRAL AFRICA: Chad, Central Africa Republic, Congo D.R, Rwanda, Burundi, Gabon, Angola, Cameroun, Equitorial Guinea, Sao Tome Principe.

NIGERIA COAT OF ARM

REPRESENTATION OF COMPONENTS

• The Black Shield represents the fertile soil of Nigeria.
• The Eagle represents the Stength of Nigeria.
• The Two Horses stands for Dignity and Pride.
• The Y represent River Niger and River Benue.

THE NIGERIAN FLAG

THE NIGERIAN FLAG HAS TWO COLOURS (GREEN AND WHITE)

• The Green part represents Agriculture.
• The White part represents Unity and Peace.

RIGHT OF A CITIZEN IN A STATE

1. Right to life
2. Equality before the law
3. Right to liberty
4. Right to association
5. Freedom from slavery
6. Right to fair hearing
7. A suspect is assumed to be innocent until pronouncement guilty by court of law.
8. Freedom from discrimination
9. Right to religion of choice and conscience.
10. Freedom of Expression.
11. Freedom of movement
12. Freedom of assembly
13. Right to vote and to be voted for in an Election.
14. Right to education
15. Right to private family life.

THE REGISTERED POLITICAL PARTIES OF NIGERIA

1. Accord – A
2. Advanced Congress of Democrat – ACD
3. African Democratic Congress – ADC
4. African Renaissance Party – ARP
5. All Progressive Congress – APC
6. All Progressive Grand Alliance – APGA
7. Alliance for Democracy – AD
8. Allied Congress Party of Nigeria – ACPN
9. Change Advocacy Party – CAP
10. Citizen Popular Party – CPP
11. Democratic Alternative – DA
12. Democratic Front for People’s Fed. – DFPF
13. Kowa Party – KP
14. Labour Party – LP
15. Masses Movement of Nigeria – MMN
16. Mega Progressive People’s Party – MPPP
17. Movement of the Restoration & Defence of Democracy – MRDD
18. National Action Council – NAC
19. National Conscience Party – NCP
20. National Democratic Liberty Party – NDLP
21. National Democratic Party – NDP
22. National Unity Party – NUP
23. New Nigeria People’s Party – NNPP
24. Nigeria Element Progressive Party – NEPP
25. Nigeria People’s Congress – NPC
26. People for Democratic Change – PDC
27. Peoples Democratic Party – PDP
28. People’s Party of Nigeria – PPN
29. Progressive People Alliance – PPA
30. United Democratic Party – UDP
31. United National Party for Development – UNPD

THE 28 DE-REGISTERED POLITICAL PARTIES BY INEC ARE AS FOLLOWS:

1. Action Alliance – AA
2. Action Party of Nigeria – APN
3. African Liberation Party – ALP
4. African Political System – APS
5. Better Nigeria Progressive Party – BNPP
6. Congress for Democratic Change – CDC
7. Community Party of Nigeria – CPN
8. Democratic People Alliance – DPA
9. Freedom Party of Nigeria – FPN
10. Fresh Democratic Party – FDP
11. Hope Democratic Party – HDP
12. Justice Party – JP
13. Liberal Democratic Party of Nigeria – LDPN
14. Movement for Democracy and Justice – MDJ
15. Movement for the Restoration and Defence of Democracy – MRDD
16. National Majority Democratic Party – NMDP
17. National Movement of Progressive Party – NMPP
18. National Reformation Party – NRP
19. National Solidarity Democratic Party – NSDP
20. New Democrat – ND
21. National Advanced Party – NAP
22. People’s Mandate Party – PMP
23. People’s Progressive Party – PPP
24. People’s Redemption Party – PRP
25. People Salvation Party – PSP
26. Progressive Action Congress – PAC
27. Republican Party of Nigeria – RPN
28. United Nigeria People’s Party – UNPP

NAME OF PERSONALITIES IMMORTALIZED IN THE NIGERIAN CURRENCIES

• Alhaji Sir. Tafawa Balewa

₦5.00, Oct. 1984

• Alvan Ikoku

₦10.00, Oct. 1985

• Murtala Muhammed

₦20.00, March 1975

• Wazobia (three Ethnic groups)

₦50.00, 27^th August 1991

• Chief Obafemi Awolowo

₦100.00, Nov. 1999

• Nnamdi Azikiwe

₦500.00, Nov. 2000

• Alhaji Aliyu Mai-Borno & Dr. Clement Isong

₦1000.00, 12^th Oct. 2005

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE NEW OBA OF BENIN

Born on October 20, 1953, Crown Prince (Ambassador) Eheneden Erediauwa, He attended the famous Edo College in Benin from 1965 to 1967. He later went to Immaculate Conception College between 1968 and 1979 before moving to England, where he obtained his Advanced Level General Certificated of Education from South Thames College, South-West London.

He holds a Bachelor of Science Degree in Economics from the University of Wales, United Kingdom. He holds a Master of Public Administration Degree from Rutger University, Graduate School, New Jersey, United States of America. Between 1981, 1982, he was at the United Nations as a graduate Intern. He is equally a member of the Nigerian Institute of International Affairs.

On 20^th of October 2016, His Royal Highness, Eheneden Erediauwa, emerged the 40^th Oba of Benin Kingdom. He also announced the name he had chosen to bear as Oba Ewuare II, and would be addressed as Omo N’Oba N’Edo Uku Akpolokpolo, Oba Ewuare II, after Oba Ewuare I, who reigned in 1440AD.

ORIGIN OF THE NIGERIA POLICE FORCE

The Nigeria Police was founded in 1930, its origin is traceable to 1861 when it was first known as the “Consular Guard” with an initial strength of 30 men. The Nigeria Police was called the Consular Guard because the representative of the British Government was Consul John Beecroff.

THE NIGERIAN POLICE LEADERSHIP 1930 TILL DATE

1. C.W. D, Inspector Gen. – 1930–1935
2. S.H. Trutham, Inspector Gen. – 1935-1936
3. Major A. S, Inspector Gen. – 1936-1937
4. A.S. Mavrogosdate, Commissioner – 1938-1942
5. W.C. King, Commissioner – 1942-1947
6. T.V.M. Friday, Commissioner – 1948-1949
7. Ivor Stourton, Commissioner – 1950-1952
8. R.J.R. Madaughian, Inspector Gen. – 1952-1956
9. Kerr Bovell, Inspector Gen. – 1956-1962
10. J.E. Hodge, Inspector Gen. – 1962-1964

INDIGENOUS INSPECTOR GENERAL

11. L.O. Edet, Inspector Gen. – 1964-1966
12. Kam Salem, Inspector Gen. – 1966-1975
13. M.D. Yusuf, Inspector Gen. – 1975-1979
14. Adamu Suleman, Inspector Gen. – 1979-1981
15. S.A. Adewusi, Inspector Gen. – 1981-1983
16. E.O. Inyang, Inspector Gen. – 1983-1986
17. M. Gambo, Inspector Gen. – 1986-1989
18. Aliyu Ibrahim Atta, Inspector Gen. – 1990-1993
19. Ibrahim A. Coomassie, Inspector Gen. – 1993-1999
20. M. A. K. Smith, Inspector Gen. – 1999-2002
21. T.A. Balogun, Inspector Gen. – 2002-2005
22. Sunday Ehindaro, Inspector Gen. – 2005-2007
23. Mike Okiro, Inspector Gen. – 2007-2009
24. Ogbonna Onovo, Inspector Gen. – 2009-2010
25. Hafiz Ringim, Inspector Gen. – 2010-2012
26. Mohammed D. Abubakar, Inspector Gen. – 2012-2014
27. Suleiman Abba, Inspector Gen. – 2014-2015
28. Solomon Arase, Inspector Gen. – 2015-2016
29. Ibrahim Idris, Inspector Gen. – 2016-2019
30. Abubakar Adamu Mohammed, Inspector Gen. – 2022 till date.

BADGES & RANK OF THE NIGERIAN POLICE FORCE

THE NIGERIAN POLICE FLAG

This flag has three colours (Blue, Yellow, Green)

• The Blue symbolizes, Love, Loyalty and Unity.
• The Yellow is for Discipline and Resourcefulness.
• The Green represents Energy and Life.

NIGERIA MILITARY RANKS, INSIGNIAS, AND EQUIVALENTS NON-COMMISSION OFFICERS (NCO)

UNITED NATIONS

1. United Nation was established on 24^th October 1945 following fifty-one independent nations’ signing of an international treaty of peace and co-operation.
2. The treaty that established united nations was signed in San Francisco in U.S.A.
3. UN has 193 member’s countries.
4. The five (5) permanent members of UNO security council are USA, Russia, Britain, France and China.
5. The headquarter of UNO is New York, U.S.A.
6. The current UN Secretary Gen. – Antonio Guterres (Portugal).
7. The Current Deputy UN Sec. Gen. Amina Mohammed (Nigeria).

SPECIALIZED AGENCIES OF THE UNITED NATIONS (UN)

• World Health Organization (WHO).
• United Nations Children’s Fund or United Nations International Children’s Education Fund (UNICEF).
• United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
• United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNCHCR).
• United Nations Development Project (UNDP).
• United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD).
• International Labour Organization (ILO).
• Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO).

UNITED NATIONS SECRETARY GENERALS

1. Gladwyn Jebb of United Kingdom – 1945-1946
2. Trygve Lie of Norway – 1946-1953
3. Dag Hammarskjold of Sweden – 1953-1961
4. Thant of Burma (Myanmar) – 1961-1971
5. Kurt Waldhelm of Austria – 1971-1981
6. Jevier Persde Celler of Peru – 1982-1992
7. Boutros Ghali of Egypt – 1993-1996
8. Kofi Anan of Ghana – 1996-2006
9. Ban Ki-Moon of South Korea – 2006-2016
10. Antonio Guterres of Portugal – Incumbent.

HEADQUARTERS/SECRETARIAT OF WORLD ORGANIZATIONS

• The United Nations Organization (UNO) – New York
• Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) – Abuja, Nigeria
• African Union (AU) – Addis Ababa
• Federation of International Football Association (FIFA) Zurich, Switzerland.
• European Economic Community (EEC) – Brussels, Belgium.

ECONOMIC COMMUNITY OF WEST AFRICAN STATE

ECOWAS was established on May 28^th 1975 with Headquarters in Abuja.

ORGANS OF ECOWAS

1. Assembly of heads of State and Government
2. Council of Ministers
3. The Secretariat
4. The Tribunal

PAST AND PRESENT CHAIRMEN OF ECOWAS

YEAR	NAME	COUNTRY
1977	Gen. Gnassingbe Eyadema	Togo
1978	Gen. Olusegun Obasanjo	Nigeria
1979	Leopold Sedar Senghor	Senegal
1980	Gen. Gnassingbe Eyadema	Togo
1981	Dr. Siaka Stevens	Sierra Leone
1982	Matheu Kerekou	Benin
1983	Ahmed Sekou Toure	Guinea
1984	Lansana Conte	Guinea
1985	Gen. Mohammadu Buhari	Nigeria
1986/1988	Gen. Ibrahim Babangida	Nigeria
1989	Alh. Dawda Jawara
1990	Capt. Blaise Campaore	Burkinafaso
1991	Alh. Dawda Jawara
1992	Alh. Abdou Diouf	Senegal
1993	Nicephore Dieudonne Soglo	Benin
1994/1995	Fit. Lt. Jerry Rawlings	Ghana
1996/1998	Gen. Sanni Abacha	Nigeria
1998/1999	Gen. Abdulsalami Abubakar	Nigeria
1999	Gen. Gnassingbe Eyadema	Togo
1999/2001	Alfa Omar Konare	Mali
2001/2003	Abdoulaye Wade	Senegal
2003/2005	John Kuffuor	Ghana
2005/2008	Mamadou Tandja	Niger
2008	Blaise Compaore	Burkinafaso
2009	Musa Yar’Adua	Nigeria
2010/2012	Goodluck Jonathan	Nigeria
2012/2014	Alassane Quattara	Ivory Coast
2014/2016	John Dramani Mahama	Ghana
2016/2017	Macky Sall	Senegal
2017/2018	Mr. Faure Gnassingbe	Togo
2018/2019	Muhammadu Buhari	Nigeria
2019 to 2023	Muhammadu Issoufou	Niger
2023 to date	Bola Ahmed Tinubu	Nigeria

MEMBERS OF COMMONWEALTH COUNTRIES

AFRICA

COUNTRIES                  DATE JOINED

Zambia                         1964

Uganda                         1962

Tanzania                       1961

Swaziland                     1961

South Africa                  1931

Sierra Leone                 1961

Seychelles                     1976

Nigeria                         1960

Namibia                        1990

Mozambique                1995

Mauritius                      1968

Malawi                         1964

Lesotho                        1966

Kenya                           1963

Ghana                          1957

Gambia                        1965

Cameroun                    1995

Botswana                     1966

Tuvalu                          1978

ASIA

COUNTRIES                  DATE JOINED

Bangladesh                   1972

Brunei                          1984

India                             1947

Malaysia                       1957

Maldives                       1982

Pakistan                       1947

Singapore                     1965

Sri Lanka                       1948

Canada                         1931

OCEANIA

COUNTRIES                  DATE JOINED

Australia                       1931

Kiribati                         1979

Nauru                           1968

New Zealand                 1975

Papus New Guienea      1975

Samoa                          1970

Solomon Islands            1978

Tonga                           1970

Guyana                         1966

EUROPE

COUNTRIES                  DATE JOINED

Cyprus                          1961

Malta                           1964

UK                                1931

NORTH AMERICA

COUNTRIES                  DATE JOINED

Antigua Barbuda           1981

Bahamas                      1973

Barbados                      1966

Belize                           1981

Dominica                      1978

Grenada                       1974

Jamaica                        1962

Saintkitts & Nevis          1983

Saint Lucia                    1979

Grenadine

Trinidad Tobago            1962

SOUTH AMERICA

COUNTRIES                  DATE JOINED

Vanuatu                       1980

ORGANIZATION OF AFRICAN UNION (OAU) NOW AU AFRICAN UNION

OAU was established 25^th May, 1963 in Addis Ababa consisting of 54 African States. It was later changed to the African Union (AU) 9^th July 2002 in South Africa. The assembly of the African Union makes the most important decisions of the AU.

NOTE: The only African State not in the AU is Morocco.

ORGANIZATIONS OF (OAU)

1. The Assembly of Heads of State Government
2. The Council of Ministers
3. The General Secretariat
4. The Commission for mediation, conciliation and arbitration.

WOMEN ACHIEVERS

1. First female Vice Chancellor of the University of Benin is Prof. Grace Alele Williams of Uniben.
2. Marry Slessor was the female missionary who stopped the killing of twins in Calabar.
3. The first female Brigadier in Nigeria is Ronke Kale.
4. Bisi Ugowe was the first female deputy Inspector General of Police.
5. Mrs Vigina Etiaba was the first female Government of Anambra State, Nigeria.
6. Mrs Patricia Etteh was the first female Speaker of the House of Representatives.
7. Ellen Johnson Sir Leaf is the first female President in Africa. Elected President and was sworn in on Jan. 16^th 2006 (Liberia).
8. Miss Felix Stella is the first female to Travel to the space at age of 17 years in Sept. 2006.
9. Mrs Elfrida Adeho is the first female Professor.
10. Mrs L. Okunnu is the first female Deputy Governor of Lagos State.
11. Mrs Bola Bello is the first female tanker driver.
12. Efunroye Tunubu is the first female to own a car.
13. Dr. Elizabeth Awoniyi Abimbola was the first female Doctor in Nigeria.

MEN ACHIEVERS

1. Nnamdi Azikiwe is a nationalist and the first President of Nigeria.
2. Herbert McCauley is the founding father of Nigeria Nationalist Movement.
3. Tafawa Balewa is a Nationalist and the first Prime Minister of Nigeria.
4. Chief Obafemi Awolowo is a nationalist and the first Premier of Western Region.
5. Wole Soyinka is the first nobel prize winner in literature.
6. The first Nigerian to gain Ph.d in Mathematics is Dr. Chike Obi.
7. Goodluck Jonathan is the first South South Presient in Nigeria.
8. The first slave boy in Africa to become a Bishop was Bishop Ajayi Crowder.
9. The first Africa Television Broadcaster is Segun Olusola.
10. Aliko Dangote is the first non-political office holder to be given GCON in Nigeria.
11. Oba Esigie of Benin City was the first person to speak foreign language (Portuguese) in Nigeria in 1503 and he was crowned Oba of Benin in 1504.
12. Nnamdi Azikiwe was the first Premier of Defunct Eastern Region.
13. Alhaji Ahmadu Bello was the first Premier of Defunct Western Region.
14. Chief Dennis Osadebe was the first Premier of Defunct Mid-Western Region.
15. Chief Anyaoku was the first Nigeria Secretary General of the CommonWealth Nations.

THE TEN NATIONAL HONOURS IN NIGERIA

GCFR – Grand Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.

GCON – Grand Commander of the Order of the Niger.

CFR – Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.

CON – Commander of the Order of the Niger.

OFR – Officer of the Order of the Federal Republic.

OON – Office of the Order of the Niger.

MFR – Member of the Order of the Federal Republic.

MON – Member of the Order of the Niger.

FRM – Federal Republic Medal

ONM – Order of the Niger Medal.

Since the inception of National award in 1963, 4,700 people have been so far conferred with the awards.

14^th Nov., 2011 Alh. Aliko Dangote became the first non-political office holder to be given the award of GCON in Nigeria.

PAST WINNERS OF THE (CAF) AFRICA CUP OF NATION

YEAR                            HOSTS                          WINNERS

1957                             Sudan                           Egypt 4-0 Ethiopia

1959                             Egypt                            Egypt 2-1 Sudan

1963                             Ghana                          Ghana 3-0 Sudan

1965                             Tunisia                         Ghana 3-2 Tunisia

1967                             Ethiopia                        DR Congo 1-0 Ghana

1970                             Sudan                           Sudan 1-0 Ghana

1972                             Cameroun                    Congo 3-2 Uganda

1974                             Egypt                            Zaire 2-0 Zambia (After Replay)

1976                             Ethiopia                        Morocco (League Format)

1978                             Ghana                          Ghana 2-0 Uganda

1980                             Nigeria                         Nigeria 3-0 Algeria

1982                             Libya                            Ghana 1-1 Libya (7-6 Penalties)

1984                             Ivory Coast                   Cameroun 3-1 Nigeria

1986                             Egypt                            Egypt 0-0 Cameroun (5-4 Penalties)

1988                             Morocco                       Cameroun 1-0 Nigeria

1990                             Algeria                          Algeria 1-0 Nigeria

1992                             Senegal                        Ivory Coast 0-0 Ghana (11-10 Penalties)

1994                             Tunisia                         Nigeria 2-1 Zambia

1996                             South Africa                  South Africa 2-0 Tunisia

1998                             Burkina Faso                 Egypt 2-0 South Africa

2000                             Ghana/Nigeria              Cameroun 2-2 Nigeria (3-2 Penalties)

2002                             Mali                             Cameroun 0-0 Senegal (3-2 Penalties)

2004                             Tunisia                         Tunisia 2-1 Morocco

2006                             Egypt                            Egypt 0-0 Ivory Coast (4-2 Penalties)

2008                             Ghana                          Egypt 1-0 Cameroun

2010                             Angola                          Egypt 1-0 Ghana

2012                             Gabon/Equitorial Guinea           Zambia 0-0 Ivory Coast (8-7)

2013                             South Africa                  Nigeria 1-0 Burkina Faso

2015                             Equitoria Guinea           Ivory Coast 0-0 Ghana (9-8 Penalties)

2017                             Gabon                          Egypt 1-2 Cameroun

2019                             Egypt                            Senegal 0-1 Algeria

SOME FACTS ABOUT THE WORLD

• The World War I

Started in 1914 and Ended in 1918. The countries that mostly involved in the war were Germany, Austria, Hungary and their allies against Britain.

• World War II

 Began on Sept. 1^st, 1939, when Germany invaded Poland. In response, Britain and France declared war on Germany. Most of the Europe countries were controlled by Germany in 1914, including France. During the World War II, Adolph Hitler succeeded in killing over six million European Jews; this gruesome killing was called Holocaust. The war ended on the 8^th of May 1945 when Germany surrounded.

• The Golf War

Persian Golf War started 2^nd August 1990 between Iraq and a coalition force 35 nations authorized by the United Nation (UN) and led primarily by the United States in order to liberate Kuwait. The War ended 28^th February 1991.

• Sadam Hussein, former Iraqi President and a terror to humanity died by hanging on Sat. Dec. 2006 at Baghdad, Iraq, Aged 69.
• UN Sec. Gen. – Antonio Guterres (Portugal) born 1949.
• Commonwealth Sec. Gen. – Kamalesh Sharma (India)
• British Prime Minister – Boris Johnson
• World Bank President – David Malpass
• IMF Managing Director is Christain Lagarde.
• AU Chairman – Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi –Egypt President.
• The country with the highest rate of unemployment in the world is Bosnia Herzegovina
• The most populated country in the world is the People’s Republic of China. Population over 2 Billion.
• Pop Legend, Whitney Houston was found dead in her room at the Beverly Hilton Hotel in Los Angeles on Saturday 11^th 2012. At aged 48.
• Jorge Mario Begoglio, an Argentine born December 17, 1936 now Pope Francis the 1^st First Latin America, first non-european pope to be elected by conclave of cardinals on 13^th March 2013.
• The most populated city in the world is Tokyo in Japan (City of Love).
• The Head of Commonwealth Nations is Queen Elizabeth II of England.
• The first University in the world is Al-Azhear University in Cairo in Egypt, founded in 970AD.

MILITARY COUPS IN NIGERIA SINCE INDEPENDENCE

• 15^th 1966 led by Maj. Emmanuel Ifeajuna & Nzeogwu Kaduna.
• July 29^th, 1966 led by Gen. Yakubu Gowon
• July 29^th, 1975, led by Gen. Murtala Mohammed.
• 13^th 1976 led by Col. Buka Dimka
• 31^st 1983 led by Gen. Muhammadu Buhari.
• 27^th 1985 led by Gen Ibrahim Babangida
• 1986 led by Maj. Gen. Mamman Vasta but Failed.
• 1990 led by Maj. Gideon Orkar but also failed
• 17^th 1993 led by Gen. Sanni Abacha
• 1995 led by Gen. Shehu Musa Yar’Adua & Olusegun Obasanjo.
• 21^st 1997 led by Lt. Gen. Oladipo Diya and 35 others.

WORDS RELATING TO SCIENCE AND ARTS

1. The art of tilling the soil – AGRICULTURE
2. The art of cultivating and managing Gardens – HORTICULTURE
3. The study of Ancient buildings and prehistoric remains – ARCHAEOLOGY
4. The science of numbers – MATHEMATICS
5. The art of measuring land – SURVEYING
6. The study of human face – PHYSIOGNOMY
7. The study of physical life or living matter – BIOLOGY
8. The study of plants – BOTANY
9. The natural history of animals – ZOOLOGY
10. The art of preserving skins – TAXIDERMY

WORDS RELATING TO GOVERNMENT

1. Government of the people, for the people, and by the people – DEMOCRACY
2. Government by sovereign of uncontrolled authority – AUTOCRACY
3. Government by department of state – BUREAUCRACY
4. Government by a few – OLIGARCHY
5. Government by divine guidance – THEOCRACY
6. Government by military class – STATOCRACY
7. The right of self-government – AUTONOMY
8. Government by worst citizens – KAKISTOCRACY

MAIN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS THAT NIGERIA BELONGS

• United Nations Organization (UNO)
• Common Wealth of Nations (CON)
• African Union (AU)
• Economic Community of West Africa State (ECOWAS)
• New Partnership for African Development Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

SEAPORTS IN NIGERIA

Tincan Island Sea Port               Lagos

Apapa Sea Port                         Lagos

Calabar Sea Port                       Calabar

Port Harcourt Sea Port              Rivers State

Warri Sea Port                          Delta

Sapele Sea Port                         Delta

Eleme Sea Port                         Rivers State

Onne Port                                 Rivers State

DAMS IN NIGERIA

1. Kainji Dam (Niger State).
2. Bakore Dam (Katsina State)
3. Dadin Kowa Dam (Gombe State)
4. Tungerm Kowa Dam (Niger State)
5. Tiga Dam (Kano State)
6. Jibiye Dam (Katsina State)
7. Goronya Dam (Sokoto State)
8. Ikpoba Dam (Edo State)
9. Kafi Zaki Dam (Bauchi State)
10. Shiroro Dam (Niger State)

AFRICA COUNTRIES & PRESIDENT

COUNTRIES	CAPITAL	PRESIDENT
Algeria	Algiers	Abdelaziz Bouteflika
Angola	Luanda	Eduardo dos Santos
Benin Republic	Cotonou	Yayi Boni
Botswana	Gaborone	Khama lan Khama
Burkina Faso	Ouagadougou	Interim President Captain Ibrahim Traoré
Burundi	Bujumbura	Pierre Nkurunziza
Cameroun	Yaounde	Paul Biya
Cape Verde	Praia	Pedro Pires
Cent. Afri. Rep.	Bangui	Catherine Samba-Panza
Chad	N’Djamena	Idris Debi
Comoros	Moroni	Ikililou Dhoinine
Congo	Brazzaville	Denis Nguesso
Congo D.R	Kinshasa	Joseph Kabila
Ivory Coast	Youmasoukro	Alassane Quattara
Djibouti	Djibouti	Omar Guelleh
Egypt	Cairo	Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi
Equatorial Guinea	Malabo	Teodoro Obiang
Eritrea	Asmara	Issaias Afeweriki
Ethiopia	Addis Ababa	Sahle-Work Zewde
Gabon	Libreville	Ali Bongo
Gambia	Bangui	Yahya Jammeh
Ghana	Accra	Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo
Guinea	Conakry	Alpha Conde
Guinea Bissau	Bissau	Manuel Serifo Nihamadjo
Kenya	Nairobi	Uhuru Kenyatta
Lesotho	Maseru	King Letsie III
Liberia	Monrovia	George Weah
Libya	Tripoli	Mustafa Abdul Jalil
Madagascar	Antananarivo	Andry Rajoelina
Malawi	Lilongwe	Peter Mutharika
Mali	Bamako	Dioncounda Traore
Mauritania	Nouakchott	Mohammed Ould Abdelaziz
Mauritius	Port Louis	Rajkeswar Purryag
Morocco	Rabat	King Mohammed VI
Mozambique	Maputo	Armando Guebuza
Namibia	Windhoek	Hifikepunye Pohamba
Niger	Niamey	Muhammadu Isufou
Nigeria	Abuja	Bola Ahmed Tinubu
Rwanda	Kigali	Paul Kagame
Senegal	Dakar	Macky Sall
Sao tome/Pricipe	Sao Tome	Emmanuel Pinto Da Costa
Seychelles	Victoria	James Michael
Swaziland	Mababane	King Mswati III
Somalia	Mogadish	Hussan Sheikh Mohamud
Sudan	Khartoun	Omar Bashir
Sierra Leone	Freetown	Ernest Bai Koroma
Togo	Lome	Faure Gnassigbe
Tunisia	Tunis	Beji Caid Essebsi
Tanzania	Dar El Salaam	Jakaya Kikwete
Uganda	Kampala	Yoweri Museveni
Zambia	Lusaka	Edgar Lungu
South Africa	Pretoria	Cyril Ramaphosa
Zimbabwe	Harare	Emmerson Mnangagwa
South Sudan	Juba	Salva Kiir