Constitution

Bhutan 2008 Constitution

GLOSSARY

Chhoe-sid: Religion and politics (temporal and secular).

Chhoe-sid-nyi: Dual system of religion and politics (temporal and secular).

Chibdrel: A ceremonial procession to receive and honour distinguished personages and personalities.

Chiwog: A unit under a Gewog.

Dakyen: Award of rank and responsibility.

Dar: Scarf that symbolizes the conferring of rank.

Drangpon: Judge or Justice of a Royal Court of Justice.

Dratshang: Monastic Body.

Dratshang Lhentshog: The Commission for the Monastic Affairs.

Druk: Bhutan.

Druk Gyalpo: The King of Bhutan.

Druk-lu: The tradition of the Drukpa Kargyu, established by Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyal.

Dungkhag Court: Sub-district Court.

Dzong: Fortress, which is commonly used as an administrative center and traditionally is the abode of monks.

Dzongdag: District Administrator.

Dzongkha: The National Language of Bhutan.

Dzongkhag: District.

Dzongkhag Tshogdu: District Council.

Gewog: County.

Gewog Tshogde: County Committee.

Goendey: A monastic community.

Gup: Head of a Gewog.

Gyenja: Agreement.

Jabmi: Legal Counsel.

Je Khenpo: The Chief Abbot of the Central Monastic Body of Bhutan.

Kargyu: One of the four orders of Mahayana Buddhism.

Kasho: A written order.

Ked-dzog: Stages of development and completion in Vajrayana practice.

Kidu: Benefits granted by the King or the Government of Bhutan.

Lhakhang: Temple.

Lhengye: Ministerial position.

Lhengye Zhungtshog: Council of Ministers or Cabinet.

Lhentshog: Commission.

Lopon: Teacher.

Machhen: The holy relic of Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyal, who unified Bhutan in the 17th century.

Mangmi: An elected representative of the Gewog, who is also a deputy Gup.

Nye: Sacred pilgrimage site.

Nyi-Kyelma: Conferring a red scarf (rank and honour with the title of Dasho).

Nyingma: One of the four orders of Mahayana Buddhism.

Pelden Drukpa: Glorious Bhutan or an illustrious Bhutanese person.

Rabdeys: Monastic bodies in dzongs other than Punakha and Thimphu.

Tashi-mon-lam: Prayers for fulfillment of good wishes and aspirations.

Ten-sum: Three types of sacred treasures comprising of images, scriptures and stupas.

Thromde: Municipality.

Thromde Tshogde: Municipal Committee.

Thrompon: Municipal Administrator or Mayor.

Triple Gem: Buddha, Dharma and Sangha.

Tsa Thrim Chhenmo: The Supreme Constitution.

Tsawa-Sum: The King, Country and People.

Tshogpa: An association or committee.

Yenlag Thromde: Satellite town.

Zhug-drel-phunsum tshog-pai ten-drel: Traditional ceremony for the acquisition of the triple attributes of grace, glory and wealth during a formal and auspicious occasion.

Zhung Dratshang: Central Monastic Body.

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