ARTICLE II. DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES AND STATE POLICIES PRINCIPLES
PRINCIPLES
Sec 1
The Philippines is a democratic and republican State. Sovereignty resides in the people and all government authority emanates from them.
Sec 2
The Philippines renounces war as an instrument of national policy, adopts the generally accepted principles of international law as part of the law of the land and adheres to the policy of peace, equally, justice, freedom, cooperation, and amity with all nations.
Sec 3
Civilian authority is, at all times, supreme over the military. The Armed Forces of the Philippines is the protector of the people and the State. Its goal is to secure the sovereignty of the State and the integrity of the national territory.
Sec 4
The prime duty of the Government is to serve and protect the people. The Government may call upon the people to defend the State and, in the fulfillment thereof, all citizens may be required, under conditions provided by law, to render personal military or civil service.
Sec 5
The maintenance of peace and order, the protection of life, liberty, and property, and the promotion of the general welfare are essential for the enjoyment by all the people of the blessings of democracy.
Sec 6
The separation of Church and State shall be inviolable.
Sec 7
The State shall pursue an independent foreign policy. In its relations with other states the paramount consideration shall be national sovereignty, territorial integrity, national interest, and the right to self-determination.
Sec 8
The Philippines, consistent with the national interest, adopts and pursues a policy of freedom from nuclear weapons in its territory.
Sec 9
The State shall promote a just and dynamic social order that will ensure the prosperity and independence of the nation and free the people from poverty through policies that provide adequate social services, promote full employment, a rising standard of living, and an improved quality of life for all.
Sec 10
The State shall promote social justice in all phases of national development.
Sec 11
The State values the dignity of every human person and guarantees full respect for human rights.
Sec 12
The State recognizes the sanctity of family life and shall protect and strengthen the family as a basic autonomous social institution. It shall equally protect the life of the mother and the life of the unborn from conception. The natural and primary right and duty of parents in the rearing of the young for civic efficiency and the development of moral character shall receive the support of the Government.
Sec 13
The State recognizes the vital role of the youth in nation-building and shall promote and protect their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, and social well-being. It shall inculcate in the youth patriotism and nationalism, and encourage their involvement in public and civic affairs.
Sec 14
The State recognizes the role of women in nation-building, and shall ensure the fundamental equality before the law of women and men.
Sec 15
The State shall protect and promote the right to health of the people and instill health consciousness among them.
Sec 16
The State shall protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature.
Sec 17
The State shall give priority to education, science and technology, arts, culture, and sports to foster patriotism and nationalism, accelerate social progress, and promote total human liberation and development.
Sec 18
The State affirms labor as a primary social economic force. It shall protect the rights of workers and promote their welfare.
Sec 19
The State shall develop a self-reliant and independent national economy effectively controlled by Filipinos.
Sec 20
The State recognizes the indispensable role of the private sector, encourages private enterprise, and provides incentives to needed investments.
Sec 21
The State shall promote comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform.
Sec 22
The State recognizes and promotes the rights of indigenous cultural communities within the framework of national unity and development.
Sec 23
The State shall encourage non-governmental, community-based, or sectoral organizations that promote the welfare of the nation.
Sec 24
The State recognizes the vital role of communication and information in nation-building.
Sec 25
The State shall ensure the autonomy of local governments.
Sec 26
The State shall guarantee equal access to opportunities for public service, and prohibit political dynasties as may be defined by law.
Sec 27
The State shall maintain honesty and integrity in the public service and take positive and effective measures against graft and corruption.
Sec 28
Subject to reasonable conditions prescribed by law, the State adopts and implements a policy of full public disclosure of all its transactions involving public interest.
